A cache coherence approach for large multiprocessor systems
ICS '88 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Supercomputing
Mirage: a coherent distributed shared memory design
SOSP '89 Proceedings of the twelfth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
Memory coherence in shared virtual memory systems
ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCS)
Munin: distributed shared memory based on type-specific memory coherence
PPOPP '90 Proceedings of the second ACM SIGPLAN symposium on Principles & practice of parallel programming
Distributed Shared Memory: A Survey of Issues and Algorithms
Computer - Distributed computing systems: separate resources acting as one
Design of the Munin distributed shared memory system
Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing - Special issue on distributed shared memory systems
The SPLASH-2 programs: characterization and methodological considerations
ISCA '95 Proceedings of the 22nd annual international symposium on Computer architecture
Tornado: maximizing locality and concurrency in a shared memory multiprocessor operating system
OSDI '99 Proceedings of the third symposium on Operating systems design and implementation
Time, clocks, and the ordering of events in a distributed system
Communications of the ACM
Dynamic decentralized cache schemes for mimd parallel processors
ISCA '84 Proceedings of the 11th annual international symposium on Computer architecture
Evaluation of the JIAJIA Software DSM System on High Performance Computer Architectures
HICSS '99 Proceedings of the Thirty-second Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences-Volume 8 - Volume 8
Total order broadcast and multicast algorithms: Taxonomy and survey
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
Kerrighed and data parallelism: cluster computing on single system image operating systems
CLUSTER '04 Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing
VODCA: View-Oriented, Distributed, Cluster-Based Approach to Parallel Computing
CCGRID '06 Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Symposium on Cluster Computing and the Grid
Implementing transparent shared memory on clusters using virtual machines
ATEC '05 Proceedings of the annual conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference
Itanium: a system implementor's tale
ATEC '05 Proceedings of the annual conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference
TreadMarks: distributed shared memory on standard workstations and operating systems
WTEC'94 Proceedings of the USENIX Winter 1994 Technical Conference on USENIX Winter 1994 Technical Conference
vBlades: optimized paravirtualization for the Itanium processor family
VM'04 Proceedings of the 3rd conference on Virtual Machine Research And Technology Symposium - Volume 3
Software write detection for a distributed shared memory
OSDI '94 Proceedings of the 1st USENIX conference on Operating Systems Design and Implementation
Brazos: a third generation DSM system
NT'97 Proceedings of the USENIX Windows NT Workshop on The USENIX Windows NT Workshop 1997
DASH-IO: an empirical study of flash-based IO for HPC
Proceedings of the 2010 TeraGrid Conference
A practical way to extend shared memory support beyond a motherboard at low cost
Proceedings of the 19th ACM International Symposium on High Performance Distributed Computing
DASH: a Recipe for a Flash-based Data Intensive Supercomputer
Proceedings of the 2010 ACM/IEEE International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis
Revisiting shared virtual memory systems for non-coherent memory-coupled cores
Proceedings of the 2012 International Workshop on Programming Models and Applications for Multicores and Manycores
DVM: towards a datacenter-scale virtual machine
VEE '12 Proceedings of the 8th ACM SIGPLAN/SIGOPS conference on Virtual Execution Environments
A new degree of freedom for memory allocation in clusters
Cluster Computing
Towards elastic operating systems
HotOS'13 Proceedings of the 14th USENIX conference on Hot Topics in Operating Systems
Proceedings of the 19th international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
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vNUMA, for virtual NUMA, is a virtual machine that presents a cluster as a virtual shared-memory multiprocessor. It is designed to make the computational power of clusters available to legacy applications and operating systems. A characteristic aspect of vNUMA is that it incorporates distributed shared memory (DSM) inside the hypervisor, in contrast to the more traditional approach of providing it in middleware. We present the design of vNUMA, as well as an implementation on Itaniumbased workstations. We discuss in detail the enhancements to standard protocols that were required or enabled when implementing DSM inside a hypervisor, and discuss some of the tradeoffs we encountered. We examine the scalability of vNUMA on a small cluster, and analyse some of the design choices.