Forward estimation for game-tree search

  • Authors:
  • Weixiong Zhang

  • Affiliations:
  • Information Sciences Institute and Department of Computer Science, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA

  • Venue:
  • AAAI'96 Proceedings of the thirteenth national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 1
  • Year:
  • 1996

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Abstract

It is known that bounds on the mmnnax values of nodes in a game tree can be used to reduce the computational complexity of minimax search for two-player games. We describe a very simple method to estimate bounds on the minimax values of interior nodes of a game tree, and use the bounds to improve minimax search. The new algorithm, called forward estimation, does not require additional domain knowledge other than a static node evaluation function, and has small constant overhead per node expansion. We also propose a variation of forward estimation, which provides a tradeoff between computational complexity and decision quality. Our experimental results show that forward estimation outperforms alpha-beta pruning on random game trees and the game of Othello.