Droplet routing in the synthesis of digital microfluidic biochips
Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe: Proceedings
Chemical and Biological Applications of Digital-Microfluidic Devices
IEEE Design & Test
Placement of defect-tolerant digital microfluidic biochips using the T-tree formulation
ACM Journal on Emerging Technologies in Computing Systems (JETC)
Abstraction layers for scalable microfluidic biocomputing
Natural Computing: an international journal
A progressive-ILP based routing algorithm for cross-referencing biochips
Proceedings of the 45th annual Design Automation Conference
Design and optimization of a digital microfluidic biochip for protein crystallization
Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Computer-Aided Design
Tabu search-based synthesis of dynamically reconfigurable digital microfluidic biochips
CASES '09 Proceedings of the 2009 international conference on Compilers, architecture, and synthesis for embedded systems
ILP-based pin-count aware design methodology for microfluidic biochips
Proceedings of the 46th Annual Design Automation Conference
A two-stage ILP-based droplet routing algorithm for pin-constrained digital microfluidic biochips
Proceedings of the 19th international symposium on Physical design
ICCD'09 Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE international conference on Computer design
Cross-contamination aware design methodology for pin-constrained digital microfluidic biochips
Proceedings of the 47th Design Automation Conference
CrossRouter: a droplet router for cross-referencing digital microfluidic biochips
Proceedings of the 2010 Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference
Scheduling of microfluidic operations for reconfigurable two-dimensional electrowetting arrays
IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems
Modeling and Controlling Parallel Tasks in Droplet-Based Microfluidic Systems
IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems
Performance Characterization of a Reconfigurable Planar-Array Digital Microfluidic System
IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems
A High-Performance Droplet Routing Algorithm for Digital Microfluidic Biochips
IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems
BioRoute: A Network-Flow-Based Routing Algorithm for the Synthesis of Digital Microfluidic Biochips
IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems
Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer-Aided Design
IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
Sample preparation for many-reactant bioassay on DMFBs using common dilution operation sharing
Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer-Aided Design
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The recent emergence of lab-on-a-chip (LoC) technology has led to a paradigm shift in many healthcare-related application areas, e.g., point-of-care clinical diagnostics, high-throughput sequencing, and proteomics. A promising category of LoCs is digital microfluidic (DMF)-based biochips, in which nanoliter-volume fluid droplets are manipulated on a 2-D electrode array. A key challenge in designing such chips and mapping lab-bench protocols to a LoC is to carry out the dilution process of biochemical samples efficiently. As an optimization and automation technique, we present a dilution/mixing algorithm that significantly reduces the production of waste droplets. This algorithm takes O(n) time to compute at most n sequential mix/split operations required to achieve any given target concentration with an error in concentration factor less than 1/2n. To implement the algorithm, we design an architectural layout of a DMF-based LoC consisting of two O(n)-size rotary mixers and O(n) storage electrodes. Simulation results show that the proposed technique always yields nonnegative savings in the number of waste droplets and also in the total number of input droplets compared to earlier methods.