Optimization techniques for the synchronization of concurrent fluidic operations in pin-constrained digital microfluidic biochips

  • Authors:
  • Yang Zhao;Krishnendu Chakrabarty;Ryan Sturmer;Vamsee K. Pamula

  • Affiliations:
  • Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC;Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC;Advanced Liquid Logic Inc., NC;Advanced Liquid Logic Inc., NC

  • Venue:
  • IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
  • Year:
  • 2012

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Abstract

The implementation of bioassays in pin-constrained digital microfluidic biochips may involve pin-actuation conflicts if the concurrently-implemented fluidic operations are not carefully synchronized. We propose a two-phase optimization method to identify and synchronize the fluidic operations that can be executed in parallel. The goal is to implement these fluidic operations without pin-actuation conflict, and minimize the duration of implementing the outcome sequence after synchronization. We also extend the synchronization method with the addition of a small number of control pins, in order to further minimize the completion time while avoiding pin-actuation conflicts. The effectiveness of the proposed synchronization method is demonstrated for a representative 3-plex assay performed on a commercial pin-constrained biochip and for multiplexed in-vitro diagnostics performed on an experimental pin-constrained biochip.