ESA/390 interpretive-execution architecture, foundation for VM/ESA
IBM Systems Journal
Microkernels meet recursive virtual machines
OSDI '96 Proceedings of the second USENIX symposium on Operating systems design and implementation
Formal requirements for virtualizable third generation architectures
Communications of the ACM
Virtualizing I/O Devices on VMware Workstation's Hosted Virtual Machine Monitor
Proceedings of the General Track: 2002 USENIX Annual Technical Conference
Architecture of virtual machines
Proceedings of the workshop on virtual computer systems
A recursive virtual machine architecture
Proceedings of the workshop on virtual computer systems
Formal properties of recursive Virtual Machine architectures.
SOSP '75 Proceedings of the fifth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
Hardware architecture for recursive Virtual Machines
ACM '75 Proceedings of the 1975 annual conference
Scale and performance in the Denali isolation kernel
ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review - OSDI '02: Proceedings of the 5th symposium on Operating systems design and implementation
Xen and the art of virtualization
SOSP '03 Proceedings of the nineteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
Practical, transparent operating system support for superpages
OSDI '02 Proceedings of the 5th symposium on Operating systems design and implementationCopyright restrictions prevent ACM from being able to make the PDFs for this conference available for downloading
Memory resource management in VMware ESX server
OSDI '02 Proceedings of the 5th symposium on Operating systems design and implementationCopyright restrictions prevent ACM from being able to make the PDFs for this conference available for downloading
Intel Virtualization Technology
Computer
Denali: a scalable isolation kernel
EW 10 Proceedings of the 10th workshop on ACM SIGOPS European workshop
Loosely Coupled TCP Acceleration Architecture
HOTI '06 Proceedings of the 14th IEEE Symposium on High-Performance Interconnects
A comparison of software and hardware techniques for x86 virtualization
Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
QEMU, a fast and portable dynamic translator
ATEC '05 Proceedings of the annual conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference
Live migration of virtual machines
NSDI'05 Proceedings of the 2nd conference on Symposium on Networked Systems Design & Implementation - Volume 2
Unmodified device driver reuse and improved system dependability via virtual machines
OSDI'04 Proceedings of the 6th conference on Symposium on Opearting Systems Design & Implementation - Volume 6
Analysis of the Intel Pentium's ability to support a secure virtual machine monitor
SSYM'00 Proceedings of the 9th conference on USENIX Security Symposium - Volume 9
Nomad: migrating OS-bypass networks in virtual machines
Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Virtual execution environments
High performance and scalable I/O virtualization via self-virtualized devices
Proceedings of the 16th international symposium on High performance distributed computing
SecVisor: a tiny hypervisor to provide lifetime kernel code integrity for commodity OSes
Proceedings of twenty-first ACM SIGOPS symposium on Operating systems principles
Concurrent Direct Network Access for Virtual Machine Monitors
HPCA '07 Proceedings of the 2007 IEEE 13th International Symposium on High Performance Computer Architecture
Accelerating two-dimensional page walks for virtualized systems
Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
Compatibility is not transparency: VMM detection myths and realities
HOTOS'07 Proceedings of the 11th USENIX workshop on Hot topics in operating systems
virtio: towards a de-facto standard for virtual I/O devices
ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review - Research and developments in the Linux kernel
Guest-Transparent Prevention of Kernel Rootkits with VMM-Based Memory Shadowing
RAID '08 Proceedings of the 11th international symposium on Recent Advances in Intrusion Detection
Achieving 10 Gb/s using safe and transparent network interface virtualization
Proceedings of the 2009 ACM SIGPLAN/SIGOPS international conference on Virtual execution environments
The multikernel: a new OS architecture for scalable multicore systems
Proceedings of the ACM SIGOPS 22nd symposium on Operating systems principles
LaLa: a late launch application
Proceedings of the 2009 ACM workshop on Scalable trusted computing
IsoStack: highly efficient network processing on dedicated cores
USENIXATC'10 Proceedings of the 2010 USENIX conference on USENIX annual technical conference
Live migration of direct-access devices
WIOV'08 Proceedings of the First conference on I/O virtualization
Ally: OS-transparent packet inspection using sequestered cores
WIOV'10 Proceedings of the 2nd conference on I/O virtualization
The evolution of an x86 virtual machine monitor
ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review
VASP: virtualization assisted security monitor for cross-platform protection
Proceedings of the 2011 ACM Symposium on Applied Computing
SplitX: split guest/hypervisor execution on multi-core
WIOV'11 Proceedings of the 3rd conference on I/O virtualization
VAMOS: virtualization aware middleware
WIOV'11 Proceedings of the 3rd conference on I/O virtualization
vIOMMU: efficient IOMMU emulation
USENIXATC'11 Proceedings of the 2011 USENIX conference on USENIX annual technical conference
SOSP '11 Proceedings of the Twenty-Third ACM Symposium on Operating Systems Principles
Detecting failures in distributed systems with the Falcon spy network
SOSP '11 Proceedings of the Twenty-Third ACM Symposium on Operating Systems Principles
Ally: OS-Transparent Packet Inspection Using Sequestered Cores
Proceedings of the 2011 ACM/IEEE Seventh Symposium on Architectures for Networking and Communications Systems
ReNIC: Architectural extension to SR-IOV I/O virtualization for efficient replication
ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization (TACO) - HIPEAC Papers
ELI: bare-metal performance for I/O virtualization
ASPLOS XVII Proceedings of the seventeenth international conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems
Architectural support for hypervisor-secure virtualization
ASPLOS XVII Proceedings of the seventeenth international conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems
The Xen-Blanket: virtualize once, run everywhere
Proceedings of the 7th ACM european conference on Computer Systems
Isolating commodity hosted hypervisors with HyperLock
Proceedings of the 7th ACM european conference on Computer Systems
Delusional boot: securing hypervisors without massive re-engineering
Proceedings of the 7th ACM european conference on Computer Systems
HotCloud'11 Proceedings of the 3rd USENIX conference on Hot topics in cloud computing
De-indirection for flash-based SSDs with nameless writes
FAST'12 Proceedings of the 10th USENIX conference on File and Storage Technologies
Understanding performance implications of nested file systems in a virtualized environment
FAST'12 Proceedings of the 10th USENIX conference on File and Storage Technologies
Adding advanced storage controller functionality via low-overhead virtualization
FAST'12 Proceedings of the 10th USENIX conference on File and Storage Technologies
Proceedings of the 9th conference on Computing Frontiers
Software techniques for avoiding hardware virtualization exits
USENIX ATC'12 Proceedings of the 2012 USENIX conference on Annual Technical Conference
Improving virtualization security by splitting hypervisor into smaller components
DBSec'12 Proceedings of the 26th Annual IFIP WG 11.3 conference on Data and Applications Security and Privacy
Towards exitless and efficient paravirtual I/O
Proceedings of the 5th Annual International Systems and Storage Conference
Expanding home services with advanced gateways
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
Towards a richer model of cloud app markets
Proceedings of the 2012 ACM Workshop on Cloud computing security workshop
Proceedings of the 2012 ACM conference on Computer and communications security
Dune: safe user-level access to privileged CPU features
OSDI'12 Proceedings of the 10th USENIX conference on Operating Systems Design and Implementation
A Highly-Virtualising Cloud Resource Broker
UCC '12 Proceedings of the 2012 IEEE/ACM Fifth International Conference on Utility and Cloud Computing
Efficient protection of kernel data structures via object partitioning
Proceedings of the 28th Annual Computer Security Applications Conference
Towards verifiable resource accounting for outsourced computation
Proceedings of the 9th ACM SIGPLAN/SIGOPS international conference on Virtual execution environments
A survey on cloud interoperability: taxonomies, standards, and practice
ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review
An architecture for overlaying private clouds on public providers
Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Network and Service Management
The nonkernel: a kernel designed for the cloud
Proceedings of the 4th Asia-Pacific Workshop on Systems
Cloudoscopy: services discovery and topology mapping
Proceedings of the 2013 ACM workshop on Cloud computing security workshop
MyCloud: supporting user-configured privacy protection in cloud computing
Proceedings of the 29th Annual Computer Security Applications Conference
I/o paravirtualization at the device file boundary
Proceedings of the 19th international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
Group-based memory oversubscription for virtualized clouds
Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing
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In classical machine virtualization, a hypervisor runs multiple operating systems simultaneously, each on its own virtual machine. In nested virtualization, a hypervisor can run multiple other hypervisors with their associated virtual machines. As operating systems gain hypervisor functionality--Microsoft Windows 7 already runs Windows XP in a virtual machine--nested virtualization will become necessary in hypervisors that wish to host them. We present the design, implementation, analysis, and evaluation of high-performance nested virtualization on Intel x86-based systems. The Turtles project, which is part of the Linux/KVM hypervisor, runs multiple unmodified hypervisors (e.g., KVM and VMware) and operating systems (e.g., Linux and Windows). Despite the lack of architectural support for nested virtualization in the x86 architecture, it can achieve performance that is within 6-8% of single-level (non-nested) virtualization for common workloads, through multi-dimensional paging for MMU virtualization and multi-level device assignment for I/O virtualization.