Inferring intent in eye-based interfaces: tracing eye movements with process models
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Cumulated gain-based evaluation of IR techniques
ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS)
On the Learnability of Hidden Markov Models
ICGI '02 Proceedings of the 6th International Colloquium on Grammatical Inference: Algorithms and Applications
Complexity of pairwise shortest path routing in the grid
Theoretical Computer Science
Improving personalized web search using result diversification
SIGIR '06 Proceedings of the 29th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
What are you looking for?: an eye-tracking study of information usage in web search
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
An experimental comparison of click position-bias models
WSDM '08 Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining
Eye-mouse coordination patterns on web search results pages
CHI '08 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Eye tracking and online search: Lessons learned and challenges ahead
Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology
Rank-biased precision for measurement of retrieval effectiveness
ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS)
A Cascade Model for Externalities in Sponsored Search
WINE '08 Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Internet and Network Economics
Sponsored Search Auctions with Markovian Users
WINE '08 Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Internet and Network Economics
Inferring search behaviors using partially observable Markov (POM) model
Proceedings of the third ACM international conference on Web search and data mining
Proceedings of the 2010 Symposium on Eye-Tracking Research & Applications
Towards predicting web searcher gaze position from mouse movements
CHI '10 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Eye-tracking reveals the personal styles for search result evaluation
INTERACT'05 Proceedings of the 2005 IFIP TC13 international conference on Human-Computer Interaction
Image ranking based on user browsing behavior
SIGIR '12 Proceedings of the 35th international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
Search result presentation: supporting post-search navigation by integration of taxonomy data
Proceedings of the 22nd international conference on World Wide Web companion
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Classic search engine results are presented as an ordered list of documents and the problem of presentation trivially reduces to ordering documents by their scores. This is because users scan a list presentation from top to bottom. This leads to natural list optimization measures such as the discounted cumulative gain (DCG) and the rank-biased precision (RBP). Increasingly, search engines are using two-dimensional results presentations; image and shopping search results are long-standing examples. The simplistic heuristic used in practice is to place images by row-major order in the matrix presentation. However, a variety of evidence suggests that users' scan of pages is not in this matrix order. In this paper we (1) view users' scan of a results page as a Markov chain, which yields DCG and RBP as special cases for linear lists; (2) formulate, study, and develop solutions for the problem of inferring the Markov chain from click logs; (3) from these inferred Markov chains, empirically validate folklore phenomena (e.g., the "golden triangle" of user scans in two dimensions); and (4) develop and experimentally compare algorithms for optimizing user utility in matrix presentations. The theory and algorithms extend naturally beyond matrix presentations.