Marching cubes: A high resolution 3D surface construction algorithm
SIGGRAPH '87 Proceedings of the 14th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Surround-screen projection-based virtual reality: the design and implementation of the CAVE
SIGGRAPH '93 Proceedings of the 20th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Human Body Model Acquisition and Tracking Using Voxel Data
International Journal of Computer Vision
Stochastic Tracking of 3D Human Figures Using 2D Image Motion
ECCV '00 Proceedings of the 6th European Conference on Computer Vision-Part II
Detecting, Tracking, and Interpretation of a Pointing Gesture by an Overhead View Camera
Proceedings of the 23rd DAGM-Symposium on Pattern Recognition
Illumination-Invariant Change Detection Using a Statistical Colinearity Criterion
Proceedings of the 23rd DAGM-Symposium on Pattern Recognition
Real-time Human Motion Analysis by Image Skeletonization
WACV '98 Proceedings of the 4th IEEE Workshop on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV'98)
Understanding people pointing: the Perseus system
ISCV '95 Proceedings of the International Symposium on Computer Vision
blue-c: a spatially immersive display and 3D video portal for telepresence
ACM SIGGRAPH 2003 Papers
CVPR'03 Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE computer society conference on Computer vision and pattern recognition
On the usability of gesture interfaces in virtual reality environments
CLIHC '05 Proceedings of the 2005 Latin American conference on Human-computer interaction
Toward Human Arm Attention and Recognition
Neural Information Processing
An architecture for a self configurable video supervision
AREA '08 Proceedings of the 1st ACM workshop on Analysis and retrieval of events/actions and workflows in video streams
ISVC '08 Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Advances in Visual Computing
Real-time 3D pointing gesture recognition for mobile robots with cascade HMM and particle filter
Image and Vision Computing
Single camera pointing gesture recognition for interaction in edutainment applications
Proceedings of the 24th Spring Conference on Computer Graphics
Tracking body parts of multiple people for multi-person multimodal interface
ICCV'05 Proceedings of the 2005 international conference on Computer Vision in Human-Computer Interaction
Johnny: An Autonomous Service Robot for Domestic Environments
Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems
Visual estimation of pointed targets for robot guidance via fusion of face pose and hand orientation
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Day and night at the museum: intangible computer interfaces for public exhibitions
Multimedia Tools and Applications
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We present an algorithm for the real-time detection and interpretation of pointing gestures, performed with one or both arms. The pointing gestures are used as an intuitive tracking interface for a user interacting with an immersive virtual environment. We have defined the pointing direction to correspond to the line of sight connecting the eyes and the pointing fingertip. If a pointing gesture is being performed, the algorithm detects and tracks the position of the user's eyes and fingertip and computes the origin and direction of that gesture with respect to a real-world coordinate system. The algorithm is based on the body silhouettes extracted from multiple views and uses point correspondences to reconstruct in 3D the points of interest. The system doesn't require initial poses, special clothing, or markers.