Geometric modeling
On the Detection of Dominant Points on Digital Curves
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Specifying gestures by example
Proceedings of the 18th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Scale-Based Detection of Corners of Planar Curves
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Applying constraints to enforce users' intentions in free-hand 2-D sketches
Intelligent Systems Engineering
Incremental recognition in gesture-based and syntax-directed diagram editors
CHI '93 Proceedings of the INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
SKETCH: an interface for sketching 3D scenes
SIGGRAPH '96 Proceedings of the 23rd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Interactive beautification: a technique for rapid geometric design
Proceedings of the 10th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Shape representation and recognition from multiscale curvature
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Numerical Recipes in C++: the art of scientific computing
Numerical Recipes in C++: the art of scientific computing
Graphical input through machine recognition of sketches
SIGGRAPH '76 Proceedings of the 3rd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Recognition of freehand sketches using mean shift
Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces
A domain-independent system for sketch recognition
Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques in Australasia and South East Asia
Polygon recognition in sketch-based interfaces with immediate and continuous feedback
Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques in Australasia and South East Asia
Variational geometry in computer-aided design
SIGGRAPH '81 Proceedings of the 8th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Robust sketched symbol fragmentation using templates
Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces
Sketch based interfaces: early processing for sketch understanding
Proceedings of the 2001 workshop on Perceptive user interfaces
Hierarchical parsing and recognition of hand-sketched diagrams
Proceedings of the 17th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
SketchREAD: a multi-domain sketch recognition engine
Proceedings of the 17th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Mathematical sketching: a new approach to creating and exploring dynamic illustrations
Mathematical sketching: a new approach to creating and exploring dynamic illustrations
An efficient graph-based recognizer for hand-drawn symbols
Computers and Graphics
Gestures without libraries, toolkits or training: a $1 recognizer for user interface prototypes
Proceedings of the 20th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
PaleoSketch: accurate primitive sketch recognition and beautification
Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces
A curvature estimation for pen input segmentation in sketch-based modeling
Computer-Aided Design
An image-based, trainable symbol recognizer for hand-drawn sketches
Computers and Graphics
LADDER, a sketching language for user interface developers
Computers and Graphics
Recognition and beautification of multi-stroke symbols in digital ink
Computers and Graphics
Combining geometry and domain knowledge to interpret hand-drawn diagrams
Computers and Graphics
A dynamic stroke segmentation technique for sketched symbol recognition
IbPRIA'05 Proceedings of the Second Iberian conference on Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis - Volume Part II
Multiscale corner detection by using wavelet transform
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Pen stroke extraction and refinement using learned models
SBM'04 Proceedings of the First Eurographics conference on Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling
ShortStraw: a simple and effective corner finder for polylines
SBM'08 Proceedings of the Fifth Eurographics conference on Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling
Proceedings of the Eighth Eurographics Symposium on Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling
ClassySeg: a machine learning approach to automatic stroke segmentation
Proceedings of the Eighth Eurographics Symposium on Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling
The 1¢ Recognizer: a fast, accurate, and easy-to-implement handwritten gesture recognition technique
Proceedings of the International Symposium on Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling
Technical Section: A machine learning approach to automatic stroke segmentation
Computers and Graphics
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We present SpeedSeg, a technique for segmenting pen strokes into lines and arcs. The technique uses pen speed information to help infer the segmentation intended by the drawer. To begin, an initial set of candidate segment points is identified. This set includes speed minima below a threshold, and curvature maxima at which the pen speed is also below a threshold. The ink between each pair of consecutive segment points is then classified as either a line or an arc, depending on which fits best. Next, a feedback process is employed, and segments are judiciously merged and split as necessary to improve the quality of the segmentation. In user studies, SpeedSeg performed accurately for new users. The studies also demonstrated that SpeedSeg's accuracy is surprisingly insensitive to the values of many of the empirical parameters used by the technique. However, it is still possible to quickly tune the system to optimize performance for a given user. Finally, SpeedSeg outperformed a state-of-the-art segmentation algorithm.