Cursor movement during text editing
ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS)
Impact of system response time on state anxiety
Communications of the ACM
A performance model of system delay and user strategy selection
CHI '92 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
HCI'92 Proceedings of the conference on People and computers VII
Lag as a determinant of human performance in interactive systems
CHI '93 Proceedings of the INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
How machine delays change user strategies
ACM SIGCHI Bulletin
Cost of operations affects planfulness of problem-solving behaviour
CHI '94 Conference Companion on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Integrating user-perceived quality into Web server design
Proceedings of the 9th international World Wide Web conference on Computer networks : the international journal of computer and telecommunications netowrking
System response time operator productivity, and job satisfaction
Communications of the ACM
The Psychology of Human-Computer Interaction
The Psychology of Human-Computer Interaction
Computer response time and user performance.
CHI '83 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The effect of System Response Time on interactive computer aided problem solving
SIGGRAPH '78 Proceedings of the 5th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
If not now, when?: the effects of interruption at different moments within task execution
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Internet delay effects: how users perceive quality, organization, and ease of use of information
CHI EA '97 CHI '97 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Response time in man-computer conversational transactions
AFIPS '68 (Fall, part I) Proceedings of the December 9-11, 1968, fall joint computer conference, part I
A comparative study of system response time on program developer productivity
IBM Systems Journal
Personalized lighting control based on a space model
Proceedings of the 2012 ACM Conference on Ubiquitous Computing
Design and implementation of a space model server for indoor location-based services
Proceedings of the 2012 ACM Conference on Ubiquitous Computing
On the biology of technostress: literature review and research agenda
ACM SIGMIS Database
Physiological effects of delayed system response time on skin conductance
MPRSS'12 Proceedings of the First international conference on Multimodal Pattern Recognition of Social Signals in Human-Computer-Interaction
How query cost affects search behavior
Proceedings of the 36th international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
Designing interactive systems for the experience of time
Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Designing Pleasurable Products and Interfaces
Managing chaos: models of turn-taking in character-multichild interactions
Proceedings of the 15th ACM on International conference on multimodal interaction
Predictivity of system delays shortens human response time
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
| Hi-index | 0.00 |
For over 40years, system response time has been a topic of interest and controversy in computer science. Since the late 1960s, the field has seen numerous studies conducted and articles written addressing the issue. Many factors were measured in these studies including: users' accuracy and error rates with different levels of system response time, user performance speed and the efficiency of the commands used, how user interactions with the computer changed as a result of changes in system response time, how their bodies reacted physiologically to those same changes and even how happy, satisfied, anxious or annoyed they were as system response times changed. In this paper, we summarize the major issues in system response time research and look at what can be concluded from them. Generally, researchers have suggested specific response-time guidelines based on the complexity of the task or the type of interaction with the computer. We suggest that rather than system response time being task- or expectation-focused, instead interactions with a computer fall into two categories: control tasks and conversational tasks. For control tasks, immediate response times are necessary for optimal user performance whereas for conversational tasks, some delays may be necessary to maintain the optimal pacing of the on-going conversation. The location and duration of these delays will depend on both task complexity and user expectations. Future system response time research is needed to further quantify limits of delay detection, and the location and duration of inter-task delays to optimize user performance and satisfaction with computers.