A formal theory of plan recognition
A formal theory of plan recognition
A Bayesian model of plan recognition
Artificial Intelligence
An interactive constraint-based system for drawing graphs
Proceedings of the 10th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Control strategies in HTN planning: theory versus practice
AAAI '98/IAAI '98 Proceedings of the fifteenth national/tenth conference on Artificial intelligence/Innovative applications of artificial intelligence
Principles of mixed-initiative user interfaces
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
A writer's collaborative assistant
Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces
Plan Recognition in Natural Language Dialogue
Plan Recognition in Natural Language Dialogue
Using Bayesian Networks to Manage Uncertainty in Student Modeling
User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction
Applying Plan Recognition Algorithms To Program Understanding
Automated Software Engineering
Bayesian Models for Keyhole Plan Recognition in an Adventure Game
User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction
Techniques for Plan Recognition
User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction
Modeling Student Knowledge: Cognitive Tutors in High School and College
User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction
Using a Learning Agent with a Student Model
ITS '98 Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems
Constraint Processing
A collaborative planning model of intentional structure
Computational Linguistics
On the complexity of ID/LP parsing 1
Computational Linguistics
Automated Planning: Theory & Practice
Automated Planning: Theory & Practice
Towards Collaborative Intelligent Tutors: Automated Recognition of Users' Strategies
ITS '08 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems
The Andes Physics Tutoring System: Lessons Learned
International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education
A probabilistic plan recognition algorithm based on plan tree grammars
Artificial Intelligence
Addressing the assessment challenge with an online system that tutors as it assesses
User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction
Recognition of Users' Activities Using Constraint Satisfaction
UMAP '09 Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on User Modeling, Adaptation, and Personalization: formerly UM and AH
IJCAI'97 Proceedings of the Fifteenth international joint conference on Artifical intelligence - Volume 2
PHI: a logic-based tool for intelligent help systems
IJCAI'93 Proceedings of the 13th international joint conference on Artifical intelligence - Volume 1
On natural language processing and plan recognition
IJCAI'07 Proceedings of the 20th international joint conference on Artifical intelligence
A general model for online probabilistic plan recognition
IJCAI'03 Proceedings of the 18th international joint conference on Artificial intelligence
Fast and complete symbolic plan recognition
IJCAI'05 Proceedings of the 19th international joint conference on Artificial intelligence
Getting serious about parsing plans: a grammatical analysis of plan recognition
AAAI'90 Proceedings of the eighth National conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 1
A new model of plan recognition
UAI'99 Proceedings of the Fifteenth conference on Uncertainty in artificial intelligence
Probabilistic state-dependent grammars for plan recognition
UAI'00 Proceedings of the Sixteenth conference on Uncertainty in artificial intelligence
A multi-agent systems "turing challenge"
Proceedings of the 2013 international conference on Autonomous agents and multi-agent systems
Plan Recognition and Visualization in Exploratory Learning Environments
ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems (TiiS)
Visualizing expert solutions in exploratory learning environments using plan recognition
Proceedings of the 19th international conference on Intelligent User Interfaces
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This paper describes a challenging plan recognition problem that arises in environments in which agents engage widely in exploratory behavior, and presents new algorithms for effective plan recognition in such settings. In exploratory domains, agents@? actions map onto logs of behavior that include switching between activities, extraneous actions, and mistakes. Flexible pedagogical software, such as the application considered in this paper for statistics education, is a paradigmatic example of such domains, but many other settings exhibit similar characteristics. The paper establishes the task of plan recognition in exploratory domains to be NP-hard and compares several approaches for recognizing plans in these domains, including new heuristic methods that vary the extent to which they employ backtracking, as well as a reduction to constraint-satisfaction problems. The algorithms were empirically evaluated on people@?s interaction with flexible, open-ended statistics education software used in schools. Data was collected from adults using the software in a lab setting as well as middle school students using the software in the classroom. The constraint satisfaction approaches were complete, but were an order of magnitude slower than the heuristic approaches. In addition, the heuristic approaches were able to perform within 4% of the constraint satisfaction approaches on student data from the classroom, which reflects the intended user population of the software. These results demonstrate that the heuristic approaches offer a good balance between performance and computation time when recognizing people@?s activities in the pedagogical domain of interest.