Computer graphics: principles and practice (2nd ed.)
Computer graphics: principles and practice (2nd ed.)
Efficient bump mapping hardware
Proceedings of the 24th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Proceedings of the 27th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Texture and reflection in computer generated images
Communications of the ACM
Simulation of wrinkled surfaces
SIGGRAPH '78 Proceedings of the 5th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
On-the-Fly Texture Computation for Real-Time Surface Shading
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
A Realtime Rough Surface Renderer
CGI '01 Computer Graphics International 2001
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Normal mapping is an essential rendering technique in 3D computer graphics to express detailed wrincleness and bumpy texture of the surface. As the normal mapping is increasingly utilized, compression of normal maps is becoming a significant issue. The problem is there is no quality evaluation model for lossy compressed normal maps. Therefore, in this paper, we have developed a mathematical model to analyze the characteristics between lossy compressed normal maps and 3D images rendered with them. By calculating averages of the parameters which cannot be defined uniquely and by introducing some assumptions, the model has been expressed in a simple form. The validity and generality of our model have been demonstrated by experiments. The model proposed in this paper will be helpful for deciding normal map compression strategy considering the target quality of the rendered 3D images.