Fuzzy logic, neural networks, and soft computing
Communications of the ACM
Knowledge-based artificial neural networks
Artificial Intelligence
Extracting rules from neural networks by pruning and hidden-unit splitting
Neural Computation
Artificial neural network model for predicting HIV protease cleavage sites in protein
Advances in Engineering Software
Bioinformatics: the machine learning approach
Bioinformatics: the machine learning approach
Self-organizing maps in mining gene expression data
Information Sciences: an International Journal
Rough Sets: Theoretical Aspects of Reasoning about Data
Rough Sets: Theoretical Aspects of Reasoning about Data
Genetic Algorithms in Search, Optimization and Machine Learning
Genetic Algorithms in Search, Optimization and Machine Learning
Neural Networks: A Comprehensive Foundation
Neural Networks: A Comprehensive Foundation
A Fast Elitist Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm for Multi-objective Optimisation: NSGA-II
PPSN VI Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Parallel Problem Solving from Nature
Classification of Gene Expression Data in an Ontology
ISMDA '01 Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Medical Data Analysis
Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Intelligent Systems for Molecular Biology
Learning rough set classifiers from gene expressions and clinical data
Fundamenta Informaticae
Data Mining: Concepts and Algorithms From Multimedia to Bioinformatics
Data Mining: Concepts and Algorithms From Multimedia to Bioinformatics
Connectionist theory refinement: genetically searching the space of network topologies
Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part C: Applications and Reviews
Evolving connectionist systems for knowledge discovery from gene expression data of cancer tissue
Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
Multiobjective Optimization in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics (TCBB)
Rule-Based Assistance to Brain Tumour Diagnosis Using LR-FIR
KES '08 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems, Part II
Soft clustering -- Fuzzy and rough approaches and their extensions and derivatives
International Journal of Approximate Reasoning
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
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Computational intelligence poses several possibilities in Bioinformatics, particularly by generating low-cost, low-precision, good solutions. Rough sets promise to open up an important dimension in this direction. The present article surveys the role of artificial neural networks, fuzzy sets and genetic algorithms, with particular emphasis on rough sets, in Bioinformatics. Since the work entails processing huge amounts of incomplete or ambiguous biological data, the knowledge reduction capability of rough sets, learning ability of neural networks, uncertainty handling capacity of fuzzy sets and searching potential of genetic algorithms are synergistically utilized.