Cycle Structure of the DES for Keys Having Palindromic (or Antipalindromic) Sequences of Round Keys
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering - Special issue on computer security and privacy
TRASEC: Belgian security system for electronic funds transfers
Computers and Security
How to prove yourself: practical solutions to identification and signature problems
Proceedings on Advances in cryptology---CRYPTO '86
Universal one-way hash functions and their cryptographic applications
STOC '89 Proceedings of the twenty-first annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
A fast software one-way hash function
Journal of Cryptology
Differential cryptanalysis of the data encryption standard
Differential cryptanalysis of the data encryption standard
Random oracles are practical: a paradigm for designing efficient protocols
CCS '93 Proceedings of the 1st ACM conference on Computer and communications security
Hash functions based on block ciphers: a synthetic approach
CRYPTO '93 Proceedings of the 13th annual international cryptology conference on Advances in cryptology
Collisions for the compression function of MD5
EUROCRYPT '93 Workshop on the theory and application of cryptographic techniques on Advances in cryptology
Generating hard instances of lattice problems (extended abstract)
STOC '96 Proceedings of the twenty-eighth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
A method for obtaining digital signatures and public-key cryptosystems
Communications of the ACM
Black-Box Analysis of the Block-Cipher-Based Hash-Function Constructions from PGV
CRYPTO '02 Proceedings of the 22nd Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology
A Design Principle for Hash Functions
CRYPTO '89 Proceedings of the 9th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology
One Way Hash Functions and DES
CRYPTO '89 Proceedings of the 9th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology
The MD4 Message Digest Algorithm
CRYPTO '90 Proceedings of the 10th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology
Incremental Cryptography: The Case of Hashing and Signing
CRYPTO '94 Proceedings of the 14th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology
CRYPTO '94 Proceedings of the 14th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology
Keying Hash Functions for Message Authentication
CRYPTO '96 Proceedings of the 16th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology
Differential Collisions in SHA-0
CRYPTO '98 Proceedings of the 18th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology
Collisions and Inversions for Damgård's Whole Hash Function
ASIACRYPT '94 Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on the Theory and Applications of Cryptology: Advances in Cryptology
RIPEMD-160: A Strengthened Version of RIPEMD
Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Fast Software Encryption
Formal aspects of mobile code security
Formal aspects of mobile code security
The Full Cost of Cryptanalytic Attacks
Journal of Cryptology
The Collision Intractability of MDC-2 in the Ideal-Cipher Model
EUROCRYPT '07 Proceedings of the 26th annual international conference on Advances in Cryptology
Collisions on SHA-0 in One Hour
Fast Software Encryption
Fast Software Encryption
Preimages for Reduced SHA-0 and SHA-1
CRYPTO 2008 Proceedings of the 28th Annual conference on Cryptology: Advances in Cryptology
Beyond Uniformity: Better Security/Efficiency Tradeoffs for Compression Functions
CRYPTO 2008 Proceedings of the 28th Annual conference on Cryptology: Advances in Cryptology
Constructing Cryptographic Hash Functions from Fixed-Key Blockciphers
CRYPTO 2008 Proceedings of the 28th Annual conference on Cryptology: Advances in Cryptology
New Collision Attacks against Up to 24-Step SHA-2
INDOCRYPT '08 Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Cryptology in India: Progress in Cryptology
How to Fill Up Merkle-Damgård Hash Functions
ASIACRYPT '08 Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on the Theory and Application of Cryptology and Information Security: Advances in Cryptology
On Randomizing Hash Functions to Strengthen the Security of Digital Signatures
EUROCRYPT '09 Proceedings of the 28th Annual International Conference on Advances in Cryptology: the Theory and Applications of Cryptographic Techniques
Finding Preimages in Full MD5 Faster Than Exhaustive Search
EUROCRYPT '09 Proceedings of the 28th Annual International Conference on Advances in Cryptology: the Theory and Applications of Cryptographic Techniques
Salvaging Merkle-Damgård for Practical Applications
EUROCRYPT '09 Proceedings of the 28th Annual International Conference on Advances in Cryptology: the Theory and Applications of Cryptographic Techniques
Blockcipher-Based Hashing Revisited
Fast Software Encryption
Short Chosen-Prefix Collisions for MD5 and the Creation of a Rogue CA Certificate
CRYPTO '09 Proceedings of the 29th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology
Meet-in-the-Middle Preimage Attacks Against Reduced SHA-0 and SHA-1
CRYPTO '09 Proceedings of the 29th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology
Collisions and Other Non-random Properties for Step-Reduced SHA-256
Selected Areas in Cryptography
Related-Key Cryptanalysis of the Full AES-192 and AES-256
ASIACRYPT '09 Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on the Theory and Application of Cryptology and Information Security: Advances in Cryptology
Rebound Attack on the Full Lane Compression Function
ASIACRYPT '09 Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on the Theory and Application of Cryptology and Information Security: Advances in Cryptology
Rebound Distinguishers: Results on the Full Whirlpool Compression Function
ASIACRYPT '09 Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on the Theory and Application of Cryptology and Information Security: Advances in Cryptology
The Intel AES Instructions Set and the SHA-3 Candidates
ASIACRYPT '09 Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on the Theory and Application of Cryptology and Information Security: Advances in Cryptology
How to Confirm Cryptosystems Security: The Original Merkle-Damgård Is Still Alive!
ASIACRYPT '09 Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on the Theory and Application of Cryptology and Information Security: Advances in Cryptology
Preimages for Step-Reduced SHA-2
ASIACRYPT '09 Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on the Theory and Application of Cryptology and Information Security: Advances in Cryptology
Journal of Cryptology
Hash functions based on block ciphers
EUROCRYPT'92 Proceedings of the 11th annual international conference on Theory and application of cryptographic techniques
Collision free hash functions and public key signature schemes
EUROCRYPT'87 Proceedings of the 6th annual international conference on Theory and application of cryptographic techniques
Hash functions and the (amplified) boomerang attack
CRYPTO'07 Proceedings of the 27th annual international cryptology conference on Advances in cryptology
Seven-property-preserving iterated hashing: ROX
ASIACRYPT'07 Proceedings of the Advances in Crypotology 13th international conference on Theory and application of cryptology and information security
On the indifferentiability of the sponge construction
EUROCRYPT'08 Proceedings of the theory and applications of cryptographic techniques 27th annual international conference on Advances in cryptology
Collisions for the LPS expander graph hash function
EUROCRYPT'08 Proceedings of the theory and applications of cryptographic techniques 27th annual international conference on Advances in cryptology
Multi-property-preserving hash domain extension and the EMD transform
ASIACRYPT'06 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Theory and Application of Cryptology and Information Security
Security of VSH in the real world
INDOCRYPT'06 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Cryptology in India
Some plausible constructions of double-block-length hash functions
FSE'06 Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Fast Software Encryption
Efficient collision search attacks on SHA-0
CRYPTO'05 Proceedings of the 25th annual international conference on Advances in Cryptology
Finding collisions in the full SHA-1
CRYPTO'05 Proceedings of the 25th annual international conference on Advances in Cryptology
Merkle-Damgård revisited: how to construct a hash function
CRYPTO'05 Proceedings of the 25th annual international conference on Advances in Cryptology
How to break MD5 and other hash functions
EUROCRYPT'05 Proceedings of the 24th annual international conference on Theory and Applications of Cryptographic Techniques
Second preimages on n-bit hash functions for much less than 2n work
EUROCRYPT'05 Proceedings of the 24th annual international conference on Theory and Applications of Cryptographic Techniques
New proofs for NMAC and HMAC: security without collision-resistance
CRYPTO'06 Proceedings of the 26th annual international conference on Advances in Cryptology
VSH, an efficient and provable collision-resistant hash function
EUROCRYPT'06 Proceedings of the 24th annual international conference on The Theory and Applications of Cryptographic Techniques
Herding hash functions and the nostradamus attack
EUROCRYPT'06 Proceedings of the 24th annual international conference on The Theory and Applications of Cryptographic Techniques
Cryptography for network security: failures, successes and challenges
MMM-ACNS'10 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Mathematical methods, models and architectures for computer network security
BLAKE2: simpler, smaller, fast as MD5
ACNS'13 Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Applied Cryptography and Network Security
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The first designs of cryptographic hash functions date back to the late 1970s; more proposals emerged in the 1980s. During the 1990s, the number of hash function designs grew very quickly, but for many of these proposals security flaws were identified. MD5 and SHA-1 were deployed in an ever increasing number of applications, resulting in the name “Swiss army knifes” of cryptography. In spite of the importance of hash functions, only limited effort was spent on studying their formal definitions and foundations. In 2004 Wang et al. perfected differential cryptanalysis to a point that finding collisions for MD5 became very easy; for SHA-1 a substantial reduction of the security margin was obtained. This breakthrough has resulted in a flurry of research, resulting in new constructions and a growing body of foundational research. NIST announced in November 2007 that it would organize the SHA-3 competition, with as goal to select a new hash function family by 2012. From the 64 candidates submitted by October 2008, 14 have made it to the second round. This paper presents a brief overview of the state of hash functions 30 years after their introduction; it also discusses the progress of the SHA-3 competition.