Resettable zero-knowledge (extended abstract)
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CRYPTO '99 Proceedings of the 19th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology
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David and Goliath commitments: UC computation for asymmetric parties using tamper-proof hardware
EUROCRYPT'08 Proceedings of the theory and applications of cryptographic techniques 27th annual international conference on Advances in cryptology
New constructions for UC secure computation using tamper-proof hardware
EUROCRYPT'08 Proceedings of the theory and applications of cryptographic techniques 27th annual international conference on Advances in cryptology
Interactive locking, zero-knowledge PCPs, and unconditional cryptography
CRYPTO'10 Proceedings of the 30th annual conference on Advances in cryptology
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CRYPTO'10 Proceedings of the 30th annual conference on Advances in cryptology
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FOCS '10 Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE 51st Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science
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FOCS '10 Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE 51st Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science
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TCC'11 Proceedings of the 8th conference on Theory of cryptography
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TCC'11 Proceedings of the 8th conference on Theory of cryptography
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EUROCRYPT'11 Proceedings of the 30th Annual international conference on Theory and applications of cryptographic techniques: advances in cryptology
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TCC'10 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Theory of Cryptography
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TCC'10 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Theory of Cryptography
TCC'10 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Theory of Cryptography
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TCC'06 Proceedings of the Third conference on Theory of Cryptography
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PKC'12 Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Practice and Theory in Public Key Cryptography
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PKC'12 Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Practice and Theory in Public Key Cryptography
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The assumption of the availability of tamper-proof hardware tokens has been used extensively in the design of cryptographic primitives. For example, Katz (Eurocrypt 2007) suggests them as an alternative to other setup assumptions, towards achieving general UC-secure multi-party computation. On the other hand, a lot of recent research has focused on protecting security of various cryptographic primitives against physical attacks such as leakage and tampering. In this paper we put forward the notion of Built-in Tamper Resilience (BiTR) for cryptographic protocols, capturing the idea that the protocol that is encapsulated in a hardware token is designed in such a way so that tampering gives no advantage to an adversary. Our definition is within the UC model, and can be viewed as unifying and extending several prior related works. We provide a composition theorem for BiTR security of protocols, impossibility results, as well as several BiTR constructions for specific cryptographic protocols or tampering function classes. In particular, we achieve general UC-secure computation based on a hardware token that may be susceptible to affine tampering attacks. We also prove that two existing identification and signature schemes (by Schnorr and Okamoto, respecitively) are already BiTR against affine attacks (without requiring any modification or endcoding). We next observe that non-malleable codes can be used as state encodings to achieve the BiTR property, and show new positive results for deterministic non-malleable encodings for various classes of tampering functions.