Graphical applications of L-systems
Proceedings on Graphics Interface '86/Vision Interface '86
The algorithmic beauty of plants
The algorithmic beauty of plants
Illustrating evolutionary computation with Mathematica
Illustrating evolutionary computation with Mathematica
On Genetic Algorithms and Lindenmayer Systems
PPSN V Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Parallel Problem Solving from Nature
PPSN III Proceedings of the International Conference on Evolutionary Computation. The Third Conference on Parallel Problem Solving from Nature: Parallel Problem Solving from Nature
IEA/AIE '02 Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Industrial and engineering applications of artificial intelligence and expert systems: developments in applied artificial intelligence
A Taxonomy for artificial embryogeny
Artificial Life
Coevolution and the Red Queen effect shape virtual plants
Genetic Programming and Evolvable Machines
On hopeful monsters, neutral networks and junk code in evolving L-systems
Proceedings of the 10th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Competition and evolution in virtual plant communities: a new modeling approach
Natural Computing: an international journal
On the performance of some bioinspired genetic operators in complex structures evolution
Proceedings of the 11th Annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Evolving evolution programs: genetic programming and L-systems
GECCO '96 Proceedings of the 1st annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Demonstrating the evolution of complex genetic representations: an evolution of artificial plants
GECCO'03 Proceedings of the 2003 international conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation: PartI
Life history evolution of virtual plants: trading off between growth and reproduction
PPSN'06 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Parallel Problem Solving from Nature
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Understanding the dynamics of biodiversity has become an important line of research in theoretical ecology and, in particular, conservation biology. However, studying the evolution of ecological communities under traditional modeling approaches based on differential calculus requires species' characteristics to be predefined, which limits the generality of the results. An alternative but less standardized methodology relies on intensive computer simulation of evolving communities made of simple, explicitly described individuals. We study here the formation, evolution, and diversity dynamics of a community of virtual plants with a novel individual-centered model involving three different scales: the genetic, the developmental, and the physiological scales. It constitutes an original attempt at combining development, evolution, and population dynamics (based on multi-agent interactions) into one comprehensive, yet simple model. In this world, we observe that our simulated plants evolve increasingly elaborate canopies, which are capable of intercepting ever greater amounts of light. Generated morphologies vary from the simplest one-branch structure of promoter plants to a complex arborization of several hundred thousand branches in highly evolved variants. On the population scale, the heterogeneous spatial structuration of the plant community at each generation depends solely on the evolution of its component plants. Using this virtual data, the morphologies and the dynamics of diversity production were analyzed by various statistical methods, based on genotypic and phenotypic distance metrics. The results demonstrate that diversity can spontaneously emerge in a community of mutually interacting individuals under the influence of specific environmental conditions.