Formal Verification Using Bounded Model Checking: SAT versus Sequential ATPG Engines
VLSID '03 Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on VLSI Design
Automation and Remote Control
Exploiting Vanishing Polynomials for Equivalence Veri.cation of Fixed-Size Arithmetic Datapaths
ICCD '05 Proceedings of the 2005 International Conference on Computer Design
Functional test generation based on word-level SAT
Journal of Systems Architecture: the EUROMICRO Journal
ICCAD '05 Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE/ACM International conference on Computer-aided design
Equivalence verification of arithmetic datapaths with multiple word-length operands
Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe: Proceedings
Taylor Expansion Diagrams: A Canonical Representation for Verification of Data Flow Designs
IEEE Transactions on Computers
A Survey of Hybrid Techniques for Functional Verification
IEEE Design & Test
Optimization of polynomial datapaths using finite ring algebra
ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems (TODAES)
Finding linear building-blocks for RTL synthesis of polynomial datapaths with fixed-size bit-vectors
Proceedings of the 2007 IEEE/ACM international conference on Computer-aided design
Verification of arithmetic datapaths using polynomial function models and congruence solving
Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Computer-Aided Design
Coverage driven high-level test generation using a polynomial model of sequential circuits
IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems
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We present a new approach to checking assertion properties for register-transfer level (RTL) design verification. Our approach combines structural word-level automatic test pattern generation (ATPG) and modular arithmetic constraint-solving techniques to solve the constraints imposed by the target assertion property. Our word-level ATPG and implication technique not only solves the constraints on the control logic, but also propagates the logic implications to the datapath. A novel arithmetic constraint solver based on modular number system is then employed to solve the remaining constraints in datapath. The advantages of the new method are threefold. First, the decision-making process of the word-lever ATPG is confined to the selected control signals only. Therefore, the enumeration of enormous number of choices at the datapath signals is completely avoided. Second, our new implication translation techniques allow word-level logic implication being performed across the boundary of datapath and control logic and, therefore, efficiently cut down the ATPG search space. Third, our arithmetic constraint solver is based on modular instead of integral number systems. It can thus avoid the false-negative effect resulting from the bit-vector value modulation. A prototype system has been built that consists of an industrial front-end hardware description language (HDL) parser, a property-to-constraint converter, and the ATPG/arithmetic constraint-solving engine. The experimental results on some public benchmark and industrial circuits demonstrate the efficiency of our approach and its applicability to large industrial designs