A case for redundant arrays of inexpensive disks (RAID)
SIGMOD '88 Proceedings of the 1988 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
The design and implementation of a log-structured file system
ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCS)
Parity logging overcoming the small write problem in redundant disk arrays
ISCA '93 Proceedings of the 20th annual international symposium on computer architecture
The HP AutoRAID hierarchical storage system
ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCS) - Special issue on operating system principles
Dynamic parity stripe reorganizations for RAID5 disk arrays
PDIS '94 Proceedings of the third international conference on on Parallel and distributed information systems
A performance comparison of RAID-5 and log-structured arrays
HPDC '95 Proceedings of the 4th IEEE International Symposium on High Performance Distributed Computing
Improving NAND Flash Based Disk Caches
ISCA '08 Proceedings of the 35th Annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture
Migrating server storage to SSDs: analysis of tradeoffs
Proceedings of the 4th ACM European conference on Computer systems
Differential RAID: rethinking RAID for SSD reliability
Proceedings of the 5th European conference on Computer systems
SieveStore: a highly-selective, ensemble-level disk cache for cost-performance
Proceedings of the 37th annual international symposium on Computer architecture
NAND Flash-Based Disk Cache Using SLC/MLC Combined Flash Memory
SNAPI '10 Proceedings of the 2010 International Workshop on Storage Network Architecture and Parallel I/Os
Hystor: making the best use of solid state drives in high performance storage systems
Proceedings of the international conference on Supercomputing
Harmonia: A globally coordinated garbage collector for arrays of Solid-State Drives
MSST '11 Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE 27th Symposium on Mass Storage Systems and Technologies
FlashTier: a lightweight, consistent and durable storage cache
Proceedings of the 7th ACM european conference on Computer Systems
The bleak future of NAND flash memory
FAST'12 Proceedings of the 10th USENIX conference on File and Storage Technologies
FAST'12 Proceedings of the 10th USENIX conference on File and Storage Technologies
Don't let RAID raid the lifetime of your SSD array
HotStorage'13 Proceedings of the 5th USENIX conference on Hot Topics in Storage and File Systems
| Hi-index | 0.00 |
This paper proposes a cost-effective and reliable SSD host cache solution that we call SRC (SSD RAID Cache). Cost-effectiveness is brought about by using multiple low-cost SSDs and reliability is enhanced through RAID-based data redundancy. RAID, however, is managed in a log-structured manner on multiple SSDs effectively eliminating the detrimental read-modify-write operations found in conventional RAID-5. Within the proposed framework, we also propose to eliminate parity blocks for stripes that are composed of clean blocks as the original data resides in primary storage. We also propose the use of destaging, instead of garbage collection, to make space in the cache when the SSD cache is full. We show that the proposed techniques have significant implications on the performance of the cache and lifetime of the SSDs that comprise the cache. Finally, we study various ways in which stripes can be formed based on data and parity block allocation policies. Our experimental results using different realistic I/O workloads show using the SRC scheme is on average 59% better than the conventional SSD cache scheme supporting RAID-5. In case of lifetime, our results show that SRC reduces the erase count of the SSD drives by an average of 47% compared to the RAID-5 scheme.