Proceedings of the 39th Annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture
Thermal and Power Management of Integrated Circuits (Series on Integrated Circuits and Systems)
Thermal and Power Management of Integrated Circuits (Series on Integrated Circuits and Systems)
ICAC '07 Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Autonomic Computing
Thread clustering: sharing-aware scheduling on SMP-CMP-SMT multiprocessors
Proceedings of the 2nd ACM SIGOPS/EuroSys European Conference on Computer Systems 2007
No "power" struggles: coordinated multi-level power management for the data center
Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
Proceedings of the 36th annual international symposium on Computer architecture
Proceedings of the 46th Annual Design Automation Conference
Power-performance management on an IBM POWER7 server
Proceedings of the 16th ACM/IEEE international symposium on Low power electronics and design
Coordinated power management of periodic real-time tasks on chip multiprocessors
GREENCOMP '10 Proceedings of the International Conference on Green Computing
Power-efficient System Design
Adaptive energy-management features of the IBM POWER 7 chip
IBM Journal of Research and Development
A case for guarded power gating for multi-core processors
HPCA '11 Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE 17th International Symposium on High Performance Computer Architecture
Benchmarking modern multiprocessors
Benchmarking modern multiprocessors
Active management of timing guardband to save energy in POWER7
Proceedings of the 44th Annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture
Pack & Cap: adaptive DVFS and thread packing under power caps
Proceedings of the 44th Annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture
IEEE Micro
PGCapping: exploiting power gating for power capping and core lifetime balancing in CMPs
Proceedings of the 21st international conference on Parallel architectures and compilation techniques
CoScale: Coordinating CPU and Memory System DVFS in Server Systems
MICRO-45 Proceedings of the 2012 45th Annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture
Accurate Fine-Grained Processor Power Proxies
MICRO-45 Proceedings of the 2012 45th Annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture
Power management of multi-core chips: challenges and pitfalls
DATE '12 Proceedings of the Conference on Design, Automation and Test in Europe
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Dynamic power management features are now an integral part of processor chip and system design. Dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS), core folding and per-core power gating (PCPG) are power control actuators (or "knobs") that are available in modern multi-core systems. However, figuring out the actuation protocol for such knobs in order to achieve maximum efficiency has so far remained an open research problem. In the context of specific system utilization dynamics, the desirable order of applying these knobs is not easy to determine. For complexity-effective algorithm development, DVFS, core folding and PCPG control methods have evolved in a somewhat decoupled manner. However, as we show in this paper, independent actuation of these techniques can lead to conflicting decisions that jeopardize the system in terms of power-performance efficiency. Therefore, a more robust coordination protocol is necessary in orchestrating the power management functions. Heuristics for achieving such coordinated control are already becoming available in server systems. It remains an open research problem to optimally adjust power and performance management options at run-time for a wide range of time-varying workload applications, environmental conditions, and power constraints. This research paper contributes a novel approach for a systematically architected, robust, multi-knob power management protocol, which we empirically analyze on live server systems. We use a latest generation POWER7+ multi-core system to demonstrate the benefits of our proposed new coordinated power management algorithm (called PAMPA). We report measurement-based analysis to show that PAMPA achieves comparable power-performance efficiencies (relative to a baseline decoupled control system) while achieving conflict-free actuation and robust operation.