VirtualPower: coordinated power management in virtualized enterprise systems
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Autonomic multi-agent management of power and performance in data centers
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PAM: a novel performance/power aware meta-scheduler for multi-core systems
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FCS/nORB: A feedback control real-time scheduling service for embedded ORB middleware
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PowerNap: eliminating server idle power
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Statistical profiling-based techniques for effective power provisioning in data centers
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Rate-based QoS techniques for cache/memory in CMP platforms
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ICSE '09 Proceedings of the 31st International Conference on Software Engineering
Temperature-constrained power control for chip multiprocessors with online model estimation
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VPM tokens: virtual machine-aware power budgeting in datacenters
Cluster Computing
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
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Proceedings of the 1st ACM symposium on Cloud computing
Stochastic approximation control of power and tardiness in a three-tier web-hosting cluster
Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Autonomic computing
RAPL: memory power estimation and capping
Proceedings of the 16th ACM/IEEE international symposium on Low power electronics and design
Peak power modeling for data center servers with switched-mode power supplies
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International Journal of Communication Networks and Distributed Systems
The PowerNap Server Architecture
ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCS)
Power Control by Distribution Tree with Classified Power Capping in Cloud Computing
GREENCOM-CPSCOM '10 Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE/ACM Int'l Conference on Green Computing and Communications & Int'l Conference on Cyber, Physical and Social Computing
PERFUME: power and performance guarantee with fuzzy MIMO control in virtualized servers
Proceedings of the Nineteenth International Workshop on Quality of Service
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Proceedings of the 8th ACM international conference on Autonomic computing
Benefits and limitations of tapping into stored energy for datacenters
Proceedings of the 38th annual international symposium on Computer architecture
Scalable power control for many-core architectures running multi-threaded applications
Proceedings of the 38th annual international symposium on Computer architecture
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Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference
Leveraging stored energy for handling power emergencies in aggressively provisioned datacenters
ASPLOS XVII Proceedings of the seventeenth international conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems
Energy efficient utilization of resources in cloud computing systems
The Journal of Supercomputing
PGCapping: exploiting power gating for power capping and core lifetime balancing in CMPs
Proceedings of the 21st international conference on Parallel architectures and compilation techniques
Energy-efficient deadline scheduling for heterogeneous systems
Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing
Adaptive response time control for metadata matching in information dissemination systems
Journal of Systems Architecture: the EUROMICRO Journal
Aggressive Datacenter Power Provisioning with Batteries
ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCS)
Proceedings of the Conference on Design, Automation and Test in Europe
TEStore: exploiting thermal and energy storage to cut the electricity bill for datacenter cooling
Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Network and Service Management
EnergIT: A Methodology for the Incremental Green Design of Data Centers
International Journal of Green Computing
SMT-centric power-aware thread placement in chip multiprocessors
PACT '13 Proceedings of the 22nd international conference on Parallel architectures and compilation techniques
Crank it up or dial it down: coordinated multiprocessor frequency and folding control
Proceedings of the 46th Annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture
Underprovisioning backup power infrastructure for datacenters
Proceedings of the 19th international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
Energy-credit scheduler: An energy-aware virtual machine scheduler for cloud systems
Future Generation Computer Systems
Optimal arrival rate and service rate control of multi-server queues
Queueing Systems: Theory and Applications
Analysis of virtual machine live-migration as a method for power-capping
The Journal of Supercomputing
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We present a technique that controls the peak power consumption of a high-density server by implementing a feedback controller that uses precise, system-level power measurement to periodically select the highest performance state while keeping the system within a fixed power constraint. A control theoretic methodology is applied to systematically design this control loop with analytic assurances of system stability and controller performance, despite unpredictable workloads and running environments. In a real server we are able to control power over a 1 second period to within 1 W. Additionally, we have observed that power over an 8 second period can be controlled to within 0.1 W. We believe that we are the first to demonstrate such precise control of power in a real server. Conventional servers respond to power supply constraint situations by using simple open-loop policies to set a safe performance level in order to limit peak power consumption. We show that closed-loop control can provide higher performance under these conditions and test this technique on an IBM BladeCenter HS20 server. Experimental results demonstrate that closed-loop control provides up to 82% higher application performance compared to open-loop control and up to 17% higher performance compared to a widely used ad-hoc technique.