EuroWordNet: a multilingual database with lexical semantic networks
EuroWordNet: a multilingual database with lexical semantic networks
A Machine Translation System from English to American Sign Language
AMTA '00 Proceedings of the 4th Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas on Envisioning Machine Translation in the Information Future
A systematic comparison of various statistical alignment models
Computational Linguistics
BLEU: a method for automatic evaluation of machine translation
ACL '02 Proceedings of the 40th Annual Meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics
Machine Translation with Inferred Stochastic Finite-State Transducers
Computational Linguistics
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Intelligent Thai text - Thai sign translation for language learning
Computers & Education
Moses: open source toolkit for statistical machine translation
ACL '07 Proceedings of the 45th Annual Meeting of the ACL on Interactive Poster and Demonstration Sessions
Cross modal comprehension in ZARDOZ an English to sign-language translation system
INLG '94 Proceedings of the Seventh International Workshop on Natural Language Generation
Integration of a spanish-to-LSE machine translation system into an E-learning platform
UAHCI'11 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Universal access in human-computer interaction: applications and services - Volume Part IV
Apertium: a free/open-source platform for rule-based machine translation
Machine Translation
Automatic categorization for improving Spanish into Spanish Sign Language machine translation
Computer Speech and Language
Source language categorization for improving a speech into sign language translation system
SLPAT '11 Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Speech and Language Processing for Assistive Technologies
Czech-Sign speech corpus for semantic based machine translation
TSD'06 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Text, Speech and Dialogue
Spanish Sign Language synthesis system
Journal of Visual Languages and Computing
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One of the aims of Assistive Technologies is to help people with disabilities to communicate with others and to provide means of access to information. As an aid to Deaf people, we present in this work a production-quality rule-based machine system for translating from Spanish to Spanish Sign Language (LSE) glosses, which is a necessary precursor to building a full machine translation system that eventually produces animation output. The system implements a transfer-based architecture from the syntactic functions of dependency analyses. A sketch of LSE is also presented. Several topics regarding translation to sign languages are addressed: the lexical gap, the bootstrapping of a bilingual lexicon, the generation of word order for topic-oriented languages, and the treatment of classifier predicates and classifier names. The system has been evaluated with an open-domain testbed, reporting a 0.30 BLEU (BiLingual Evaluation Understudy) and 42% TER (Translation Error Rate). These results show consistent improvements over a statistical machine translation baseline, and some improvements over the same system preserving the word order in the source sentence. Finally, the linguistic analysis of errors has identified some differences due to a certain degree of structural variation in LSE.