Animating rotation with quaternion curves
SIGGRAPH '85 Proceedings of the 12th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Multimedia dictionary and synthesis of sign language
Design and management of multimedia information systems
SignSynth: A Sign Language Synthesis Application Using Web3D and Perl
GW '01 Revised Papers from the International Gesture Workshop on Gesture and Sign Languages in Human-Computer Interaction
Synthetic Animation of Deaf Signing Gestures
GW '01 Revised Papers from the International Gesture Workshop on Gesture and Sign Languages in Human-Computer Interaction
Generating american sign language classifier predicates for english-to-asl machine translation
Generating american sign language classifier predicates for english-to-asl machine translation
Providing signed content on the Internet by synthesized animation
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Universal Access in the Information Society
A constraint-based approach to visual speech for a Mexican-Spanish talking head
International Journal of Computer Games Technology - Joint International Conference on Cyber Games and Interactive Entertainment 2006
Proposing a speech to gesture translation architecture for Spanish deaf people
Journal of Visual Languages and Computing
Speech to sign language translation system for Spanish
Speech Communication
Three Dimension Human Body Format and Its Virtual Avatar Animation Application
IITA '08 Proceedings of the 2008 Second International Symposium on Intelligent Information Technology Application - Volume 02
A rule-based translation from written Spanish to Spanish Sign Language glosses
Computer Speech and Language
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This work presents a new approach to the synthesis of Spanish Sign Language (LSE). Its main contributions are the use of a centralized relational database for storing sign descriptions, the proposal of a new input notation and a new avatar design, the skeleton structure of which improves the synthesis process. The relational database facilitates a highly detailed phonologic description of the signs that include parameter synchronization and timing. The centralized database approach has been introduced to allow the representation of each sign to be validated by the LSE National Institution, FCNSE. The input notation, designated HLSML, presents multiple levels of abstraction compared with current input notations. Redesigned input notation is used to simplify the description and the manual definition of LSE messages. Synthetic messages obtained using our approach have been evaluated by deaf users; in this evaluation a maximum recognition rate of 98.5% was obtained for isolated signs and a recognition rate of 95% was achieved for signed sentences.