SIGGRAPH '90 Proceedings of the 17th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Project GROPEHaptic displays for scientific visualization
SIGGRAPH '90 Proceedings of the 17th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Simulation and presentation of curved surface in virtual reality environment through surface display
VRAIS '95 Proceedings of the Virtual Reality Annual International Symposium (VRAIS'95)
VRST '97 Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
VR-Based Teleoperation for Robot Compliance Control
Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems
Implementation of Partial Surface Display
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Transmission of Information through Haptic Interaction
VMR '09 Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Virtual and Mixed Reality: Held as Part of HCI International 2009
Digital canvas: a projection-space interaction tool
Edutainment'06 Proceedings of the First international conference on Technologies for E-Learning and Digital Entertainment
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Force feedback can be thought of as a concept that was motivated by the phenomenon of contact. Efforts were made to describe cross sections in interfaces and methodologies to realize force feedback from differences in the cross sections. Based on this discussion, the concept of Surface Display was developed, and technical issues and solutions for technical issues were suggested. The concept of Surface Display is an idea which presents the surface of a virtual object to the user, rather than the sensation of force or tactile sense caused by contact with a virtual object. The prototype device consisted of a mechanism which forms arbitrary surfaces and uses sensors to measure the force affected on the surface. Control and calculation methods for this device were also implemented. The system was then evaluated through experiments using subjects.