SIGGRAPH '90 Proceedings of the 17th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Project GROPEHaptic displays for scientific visualization
SIGGRAPH '90 Proceedings of the 17th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Project FEELEX: adding haptic surface to graphics
Proceedings of the 28th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Providing Force Feedback in Virtual Environments
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
Vibratory Tactile Display of Image-Based Textures
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
The human-computer interaction handbook
VRAIS '96 Proceedings of the 1996 Virtual Reality Annual International Symposium (VRAIS 96)
Texture Presentation by Vibratory Tactile Display Image based presentation of a tactile texture
VRAIS '97 Proceedings of the 1997 Virtual Reality Annual International Symposium (VRAIS '97)
International Journal of Robotics Research
A Touch/Force Display System for Haptic Interface
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
WYSIWYF Display: A Visual/Haptic Interface to Virtual Environment
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Direct and gestural interaction with relief: a 2.5D shape display
Proceedings of the 24th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
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Force feedback can be thought as a concept which was motivated by the phenomenon of contact. Efforts were made to describe cross sections in interfaces and methodologies to realize force feedback from differences in the cross sections. Based on this discussion. The concept of surface display was submitted and technical issues for the implementation of the concept were pointed out. A prototype device to demonstrate the concept was created and solutions for technical issues mere suggested. The concept of surface display is an idea to present the surface of a virtual object itself to the user, rather than the sensation of force or tactile caused by the contact with the virtual object. The prototype device consisted of a mechanism to form arbitrary surfaces and sensors to measure the force affected on the surface. The control and calculation methods for this device are also described.