A fault-tolerant scheduling problem
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Some Results of the Earliest Deadline Scheduling Algorithm
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Scheduling periodic and aperiodic tasks in hard real-time computing systems
SIGMETRICS '91 Proceedings of the 1991 ACM SIGMETRICS conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
Scheduling Algorithms for Multiprogramming in a Hard-Real-Time Environment
Journal of the ACM (JACM)
Priority Inheritance Protocols: An Approach to Real-Time Synchronization
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Timing Analysis for Fixed-Priority Scheduling of Hard Real-Time Systems
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Enhancing real-time schedules to tolerate transient faults
RTSS '95 Proceedings of the 16th IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium
RTSS '98 Proceedings of the IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium
Structuring real-time systems using performance polymorphism
Structuring real-time systems using performance polymorphism
Efficient overloading techniques for primary-backup scheduling in real-time systems
Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing
Design Optimization of Time-and Cost-Constrained Fault-Tolerant Distributed Embedded Systems
Proceedings of the conference on Design, Automation and Test in Europe - Volume 2
Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe: Proceedings
Future Generation Computer Systems
Exact Fault-Sensitive Feasibility Analysis of Real-Time Tasks
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Real-time Task Scheduling Using Extended Overloading Technique for Multiprocessor Systems
DS-RT '07 Proceedings of the 11th IEEE International Symposium on Distributed Simulation and Real-Time Applications
Proceedings of the 4th on Middleware doctoral symposium
The Journal of Supercomputing
Scheduling of fault-tolerant embedded systems with soft and hard timing constraints
Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe
Synthesis of fault-tolerant embedded systems
Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe
A Fault-Tolerant Real-Time Scheduling Algorithm in Software Fault-Tolerant Module
ICCS '07 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Computational Science, Part IV: ICCS 2007
IEICE - Transactions on Information and Systems
Deadline fault tolerance in a networked real-time system
Proceedings of the 2006 conference on Advances in Intelligent IT: Active Media Technology 2006
IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
Journal of Systems and Software
Analysis and optimization of fault-tolerant embedded systems with hardened processors
Proceedings of the Conference on Design, Automation and Test in Europe
Journal of Systems and Software
ASMTA'11 Proceedings of the 18th international conference on Analytical and stochastic modeling techniques and applications
Analysis and optimization of fault-tolerant task scheduling on multiprocessor embedded systems
CODES+ISSS '11 Proceedings of the seventh IEEE/ACM/IFIP international conference on Hardware/software codesign and system synthesis
Dual-mode r-reliable task model for flexible scheduling in reliable real-time systems
EUC'06 Proceedings of the 2006 international conference on Embedded and Ubiquitous Computing
Adaptive energy-efficient scheduling for real-time tasks on DVS-enabled heterogeneous clusters
Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing
Fault Resilient Real-Time Design for NoC Architectures
ICCPS '12 Proceedings of the 2012 IEEE/ACM Third International Conference on Cyber-Physical Systems
ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems (TECS)
The BGW model for QoS aware scheduling of real-time embedded systems
Proceedings of the 11th ACM international symposium on Mobility management and wireless access
Fault-tolerant scheduling in homogeneous real-time systems
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
Fault-tolerant hierarchical real-time scheduling with backup partitions on single processor
ACM SIGBED Review - Special Issue on the 5th Workshop on Adaptive and Reconfigurable Embedded Systems
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A hard real-time system is usually subject to stringent reliability and timing constraints since failure to produce correct results in a timely manner may lead to a disaster. One way to avoid missing deadlines is to trade the quality of computation results for timeliness and software fault tolerance is often achieved with the use of redundant programs. A deadline mechanism which combines these two methods is proposed to provide software fault tolerance in hard real-time periodic task systems. Specifically, we consider the problem of scheduling a set of real-time periodic tasks each of which has two versions: primary and alternate. The primary version contains more functions (thus more complex) and produces good quality results, but its correctness is more difficult to verify because of its high level of complexity and resource usage. By contrast, the alternate version contains only the minimum required functions (thus simpler) and produces less precise, but acceptable results and its correctness is easy to verify. We propose a scheduling algorithm which 1) guarantees either the primary or alternate version of each critical task to be completed in time and 2) attempts to complete as many primaries as possible. Our basic algorithm uses a fixed priority-driven preemptive scheduling scheme to preallocate time intervals to the alternates and, at runtime, attempts to execute primaries first. An alternate will be executed only 1) if its primary fails due to lack of time or manifestation of bugs or 2) when the latest time to start execution of the alternate without missing the corresponding task deadline is reached. This algorithm is shown to be effective and easy to implement. This algorithm is enhanced further to prevent early failures in executing primaries from triggering failures in the subsequent job executions, thus improving efficiency of processor usage.