How to tell people where to go: comparing navigational aids
International Journal of Man-Machine Studies
Language and Spatial Cognition
Language and Spatial Cognition
Vision: A Computational Investigation into the Human Representation and Processing of Visual Information
Lines, Blobs, Crosses and Arrows: Diagrammatic Communication with Schematic Figures
Diagrams '00 Proceedings of the First International Conference on Theory and Application of Diagrams
Coarse Qualitative Descriptions in Robot Navigation
Spatial Cognition II, Integrating Abstract Theories, Empirical Studies, Formal Methods, and Practical Applications
Modelling Navigational Knowledge by Route Graphs
Spatial Cognition II, Integrating Abstract Theories, Empirical Studies, Formal Methods, and Practical Applications
Pictorial and Verbal Tools for Conveying Routes
COSIT '99 Proceedings of the International Conference on Spatial Information Theory: Cognitive and Computational Foundations of Geographic Information Science
Two Path Prepositions: Along and Past
COSIT 2001 Proceedings of the International Conference on Spatial Information Theory: Foundations of Geographic Information Science
Tiered Models of Spatial Language Interpretation
Proceedings of the international conference on Spatial Cognition VI: Learning, Reasoning, and Talking about Space
Perspective Use and Perspective Shift in Spatial Dialogue
Proceedings of the international conference on Spatial Cognition VI: Learning, Reasoning, and Talking about Space
A Semantic and Language-Based Model of Landscape Scenes
ER '08 Proceedings of the ER 2008 Workshops (CMLSA, ECDM, FP-UML, M2AS, RIGiM, SeCoGIS, WISM) on Advances in Conceptual Modeling: Challenges and Opportunities
Semantic Trajectory Compression
SSTD '09 Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Advances in Spatial and Temporal Databases
Deep Reasoning in Clarification Dialogues with Mobile Robots
Proceedings of the 2010 conference on ECAI 2010: 19th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence
Testing landmark identification theories in virtual environments
SC'10 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Spatial cognition
A visibility and spatial constraint-based approach for geopositioning
GIScience'10 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Geographic information science
Modeling spatial knowledge for generating verbal and visual route directions
KES'11 Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Knowledge-based and intelligent information and engineering systems - Volume Part IV
VISUAL'05 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Visual Information and Information Systems
Expert and non-expert knowledge of loosely structured environments
COSIT'05 Proceedings of the 2005 international conference on Spatial Information Theory
Landmarks in OpenLS — a data structure for cognitive ergonomic route directions
GIScience'06 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Geographic Information Science
Orientation calculi and route graphs: towards semantic representations for route descriptions
GIScience'06 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Geographic Information Science
A model for context-specific route directions
SC'04 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Spatial Cognition: reasoning, Action, Interaction
Identifying objects on the basis of spatial contrast: an empirical study
SC'04 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Spatial Cognition: reasoning, Action, Interaction
SNAPVis and SPANVis: ontologies for recognizing variable vista spatial environments
SC'04 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Spatial Cognition: reasoning, Action, Interaction
Probability issues in locality descriptions based on Voronoi neighbor relationship
Journal of Visual Languages and Computing
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As Talmy has observed, language schematizes space; language provides a systematic framework to describe space, by selecting certain aspects of a referent scene while neglecting the others. Here, we consider the ways that space and the things in it are schematized in perception and cognition, as well as in language. We propose the Schematization Similarity Conjecture: to the extent that space is schematized similarly in language and cognition, language will be successful in conveying space. We look at the evidence in both language and perception literature to support this view. Finally, we analyze schematizations of routes conveyed in sketch maps or directions, finding parallels in the kind of information omitted and retained in both.