International Journal of Man-Machine Studies
Artificial Intelligence - Special volume on computational research on interaction and agency, part 2
Cognitive origins of graphic productions
Understanding images
External cognition: how do graphical representations work?
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
Spatial Cognition, An Interdisciplinary Approach to Representing and Processing Spatial Knowledge
Two Path Prepositions: Along and Past
COSIT 2001 Proceedings of the International Conference on Spatial Information Theory: Foundations of Geographic Information Science
Proceedings of the international conference on Spatial Cognition VI: Learning, Reasoning, and Talking about Space
Simplest Instructions: Finding Easy-to-Describe Routes for Navigation
GIScience '08 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Geographic Information Science
Enhancing the Accessibility of Maps with Personal Frames of Reference
Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. Part III: Ubiquitous and Intelligent Interaction
Supporting Cognitive Collage Creation for Pedestrian Navigation
EPCE '09 Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics: Held as Part of HCI International 2009
Mapping natural language to imagery: placing objects intelligently
FUZZ-IEEE'09 Proceedings of the 18th international conference on Fuzzy Systems
Automatic generation of destination maps
ACM SIGGRAPH Asia 2010 papers
Qualitative matching of spatial information
Proceedings of the 18th SIGSPATIAL International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems
Design principles for visual communication
Communications of the ACM
Scalable navigation support for crowds: personalized guidance via augmented signage
COSIT'11 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Spatial information theory
The effect of activity on relevance and granularity for navigation
COSIT'11 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Spatial information theory
VISUAL'05 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Visual Information and Information Systems
Active landmarks in indoor environments
VISUAL'05 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Visual Information and Information Systems
Path schematization for route sketches
SWAT'10 Proceedings of the 12th Scandinavian conference on Algorithm Theory
Structural salience of landmarks for route directions
COSIT'05 Proceedings of the 2005 international conference on Spatial Information Theory
Expert and non-expert knowledge of loosely structured environments
COSIT'05 Proceedings of the 2005 international conference on Spatial Information Theory
Incorporating landmarks with quality measures in routing procedures
GIScience'06 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Geographic Information Science
Landmarks in OpenLS — a data structure for cognitive ergonomic route directions
GIScience'06 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Geographic Information Science
A model for context-specific route directions
SC'04 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Spatial Cognition: reasoning, Action, Interaction
Cultural differences of spatial descriptions in tourist guidebooks
SC'04 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Spatial Cognition: reasoning, Action, Interaction
Characterizing diagrams produced by individuals and dyads
SC'04 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Spatial Cognition: reasoning, Action, Interaction
Refined route instructions using topological stages of closeness
W2GIS'05 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Web and Wireless Geographical Information Systems
Making a pictorial and verbal travel trace from a GPS trace
W2GIS'12 Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Web and Wireless Geographical Information Systems
Points, lines and arrows in statistical graphs
Diagrams'12 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Diagrammatic Representation and Inference
Landmark-based location belief tracking in a spoken dialog system
SIGDIAL '12 Proceedings of the 13th Annual Meeting of the Special Interest Group on Discourse and Dialogue
Relevance in spatial navigation and communication
SC'12 Proceedings of the 2012 international conference on Spatial Cognition VIII
Linking cognitive and computational saliences in route information
SC'12 Proceedings of the 2012 international conference on Spatial Cognition VIII
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
Interactive cartographic route descriptions
Geoinformatica
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Traditionally, depictions and descriptions have been seen as complementary; depictions have been preferred to convey iconic or metaphorically iconic information whereas descriptions have been preferred for abstract information. Both are external representations designed to complement human memory and information processing. We have found the same underlying structure and semantics for route maps and route directions. Here we find that limited schematic map and direction toolkits are sufficient for constructing directions, supporting the possibility of automatic translation between them.