A Method for Registration of 3-D Shapes
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence - Special issue on interpretation of 3-D scenes—part II
Object modelling by registration of multiple range images
Image and Vision Computing - Special issue: range image understanding
Iamascope: an interactive kaleidoscope
ACM SIGGRAPH 97 Visual Proceedings: The art and interdisciplinary programs of SIGGRAPH '97
Pfinder: Real-Time Tracking of the Human Body
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
The visual analysis of human movement: a survey
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Parametric Hidden Markov Models for Gesture Recognition
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Hyperdynamics Importance Sampling
ECCV '02 Proceedings of the 7th European Conference on Computer Vision-Part I
Integrated Person Tracking Using Stereo, Color, and Pattern Detection
CVPR '98 Proceedings of the IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Tracking People with Twists and Exponential Maps
CVPR '98 Proceedings of the IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
“Put-that-there”: Voice and gesture at the graphics interface
SIGGRAPH '80 Proceedings of the 7th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
3-D Articulated Pose Tracking for Untethered Diectic Reference
ICMI '02 Proceedings of the 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces
3D Articulated Models and Multi-View Tracking with Silhouettes
ICCV '99 Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision-Volume 2 - Volume 2
FGR '02 Proceedings of the Fifth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition
The ALIVE system: wireless, full-body interaction with autonomous agents
Multimedia Systems - Special issue on multimedia and multisensory virtual worlds
Evaluating landmark attraction model in collaborative wayfinding in virtual learning environments
Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia
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Interacting and navigating virtual environments usually requires a wired interface, game console, or keyboard. The advent of perceptual interface techniques allows a new option: the passive and untethered sensing of users' pose and gesture to allow them to maneuver through and manipulate virtual worlds. We describe new algorithms for interacting with 3-D environments using real-time articulated body tracking with standard cameras and personal computers. Our method is based on rigid stereo-motion estimation algorithms and can accurately track upper body pose in real-time. With our tracking system users can navigate virtual environments using 3-D gesture and body poses. We analyze the space of possible perceptual interface abstractions for full-body navigation, and present a prototype system based on these results. We finally describe an initial evaluation of our prototype system with users guiding avatars through a series of 3-D virtual game worlds.