Energy management for commodity short-bit-width microcontrollers
Proceedings of the 2005 international conference on Compilers, architectures and synthesis for embedded systems
Frequency-aware energy optimization for real-time periodic and aperiodic tasks
Proceedings of the 2007 ACM SIGPLAN/SIGBED conference on Languages, compilers, and tools for embedded systems
IEEE Transactions on Computers
System-wide energy minimization for real-time tasks: Lower bound and approximation
ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems (TECS)
DVSMT: Dynamic Voltage Scaling for Scheduling Mixed Real-Time Tasks
ICESS '07 Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Embedded Software and Systems
A DVS-assisted hard real-time I/O device scheduling algorithm
Real-Time Systems
Run-time Task Overlapping on Multiprocessor Platforms
Journal of Signal Processing Systems
A probabilistic and energy-efficient scheduling approach for online application in real-time systems
Proceedings of the 47th Design Automation Conference
Energy reduction for scheduling a set of multiple feasible interval jobs
Journal of Systems Architecture: the EUROMICRO Journal
TL-plane-based multi-core energy-efficient real-time scheduling algorithm for sporadic tasks
ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization (TACO) - HIPEAC Papers
Dynamic voltage scaling for real-time scheduling of multimedia tasks
PCM'05 Proceedings of the 6th Pacific-Rim conference on Advances in Multimedia Information Processing - Volume Part II
A heuristic energy-aware approach for hard real-time systems on multi-core platforms
Microprocessors & Microsystems
Power-aware fixed priority scheduling for sporadic tasks in hard real-time systems
Journal of Systems and Software
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Recently, there has been a rapid and wide spread of non-traditional computing platforms, especially mobile and portable computing devices. As applications become sophisticated and computation power increases, the most serious limitation on these devices is the available battery life. Dynamic voltage scaling (DVS) has been a key technique to exploit the hardware characteristics of processors to reduce energy dissipation by lowering the supply voltage and operating frequency. This paper presents a novel on-line DVS algorithm called OLDVS that, when coupled with the underlying OS task management mechanism and real-time scheduler, can make significant energy savings, while preserving timeliness guarantees made by the underlying real-time scheduling algorithm. While most existing DVS algorithms are confined to periodic tasks only, OLDVS does not assume task periodicity, nor does it require any a priori information on the task set to be scheduled. OLDVS requires only O(1) computation on each task context switch, thus making it fairly easy to be incorporated into a real-time operating system. The OLDVS algorithm considers a general task model which is very difficult, if not impossible, for the existing DVS algorithms to handle. Our simulation results show that OLDVS achieves great energy savings and outperforms the existing DVS algorithms when the ratio of the computation requirement of aperiodic tasks to the total computation requirement is higher than 40%. The performance advantage becomes much larger as the ratio increases.