SIGMETRICS '93 Proceedings of the 1993 ACM SIGMETRICS conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
Voltage scheduling problem for dynamically variable voltage processors
ISLPED '98 Proceedings of the 1998 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
On-line scheduling of hard real-time tasks on variable voltage processor
Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE/ACM international conference on Computer-aided design
Optimal Reward-Based Scheduling for Periodic Real-Time Tasks
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Power-aware QoS Management in Web Servers
RTSS '03 Proceedings of the 24th IEEE International Real-Time Systems Symposium
A Dynamic Voltage Scaling Algorithm for Sporadic Tasks
RTSS '03 Proceedings of the 24th IEEE International Real-Time Systems Symposium
Application-directed voltage scaling
IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems - Special section on low power
Adaptive scheduling server for power-aware real-time tasks
ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems (TECS)
Dynamic voltage scaling for systemwide energy minimization in real-time embedded systems
Proceedings of the 2004 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
On-Line Dynamic Voltage Scaling for Hard Real-Time Systems Using the EDF Algorithm
RTSS '04 Proceedings of the 25th IEEE International Real-Time Systems Symposium
Optimal voltage allocation techniques for dynamically variable voltage processors
ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems (TECS)
System-level energy-efficient dynamic task scheduling
Proceedings of the 42nd annual Design Automation Conference
Feedback EDF scheduling exploiting hardware-assisted asynchronous dynamic voltage scaling
LCTES '05 Proceedings of the 2005 ACM SIGPLAN/SIGBED conference on Languages, compilers, and tools for embedded systems
Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE/ACM International conference on Computer-aided design
The effects of energy management on reliability in real-time embedded systems
Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE/ACM International conference on Computer-aided design
MiBench: A free, commercially representative embedded benchmark suite
WWC '01 Proceedings of the Workload Characterization, 2001. WWC-4. 2001 IEEE International Workshop
FAST: Frequency-aware static timing analysis
ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems (TECS)
System-Level Energy Management for Periodic Real-Time Tasks
RTSS '06 Proceedings of the 27th IEEE International Real-Time Systems Symposium
System-wide energy minimization for real-time tasks: lower bound and approximation
Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE/ACM international conference on Computer-aided design
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Energy-Efficient Wireless Packet Scheduling with Quality of Service Control
IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing
Energy-optimal software partitioning in heterogeneous multiprocessor embedded systems
Proceedings of the 45th annual Design Automation Conference
EMSOFT '08 Proceedings of the 8th ACM international conference on Embedded software
Journal of Signal Processing Systems
ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems (TODAES)
Staying-alive path planning with energy optimization for mobile robots
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
High performance dynamic voltage/frequency scaling algorithm for real-time dynamic load management
Journal of Systems and Software
| Hi-index | 0.01 |
Energy efficiency is an important factor in embedded systems design. We consider an embedded system with a dynamic voltage scaling (DVS) capable processor and its system-wide power consumption is dominated by the processor and memory. We present speed assignment polices for a set of periodic/aperiodic tasks that minimize the overall system energy consumption including active and idle power of CPU and other components. A limitation of most DVS-based system-wide energy optimization techniques is that they assume the number of worst-case execution cycles (WCEC) of a task is a constant, independent of CPU frequency. This is not the case when other system components such as memory are taken into account. In this paper, we decompose task execution time into two parts: on-chip inside CPU and off-chip outside the CPU. We propose a frequency-aware system-wide energy minimization approach and establish necessary and sufficient conditions for the optimality. By exploiting properties of the conditions, we derive a bisection algorithm that finds the optimal solution to offline periodict asks in a linear time complexity. We apply a similar analytical approach to online aperiodic tasks scheduling and devise an iterative speed assignment algorithm in the complexity of O(n2). We prove it is optimal among all online algorithms without assumptions about future task releases.