View-dependent culling of dynamic systems in virtual environments
Proceedings of the 1997 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics
Simulation levels of detail for real-time animation
Proceedings of the conference on Graphics interface '97
A Model of Saliency-Based Visual Attention for Rapid Scene Analysis
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Spatiotemporal sensitivity and visual attention for efficient rendering of dynamic environments
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
Focusing on the essential: considering attention in display design
Communications of the ACM
Eye Tracking Methodology: Theory and Practice
Eye Tracking Methodology: Theory and Practice
Level of Detail for 3D Graphics
Level of Detail for 3D Graphics
Evaluating the visual fidelity of physically based animations
ACM SIGGRAPH 2003 Papers
Detail to attention: exploiting visual tasks for selective rendering
EGRW '03 Proceedings of the 14th Eurographics workshop on Rendering
Obscuring length changes during animated motion
ACM SIGGRAPH 2004 Papers
Visual attention in 3D video games
Proceedings of the 2006 symposium on Eye tracking research & applications
Visual attention in 3D video games
Proceedings of the 2006 ACM SIGCHI international conference on Advances in computer entertainment technology
The whys, how tos, and pitfalls of user studies
ACM SIGGRAPH 2009 Courses
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Attention is an important factor in the perception of static and dynamic scenes, which should, therefore, be taken into account when creating graphical images and animation. Recently, researchers have recognized this fact and have been investigating how the focus of attention can be measured, predicted, and exploited in graphical systems. In this article, we explore some preliminary strategies for developing an automatic means of predicting and exploiting attention in the processing of collisions and other dynamic events. Recent work on the perception of causality has shown that attention can change the way in which a dynamic scene consisting of collision events is perceived. We describe a series of experiments designed to determine the source of biases in the perception of anomalous collision dynamics and, in particular, whether attention plays a role. Using an eye-tracker, eye-movements were recorded while participants viewed animations of simple causal launching events in 3D involving two colliding spheres. Results indicated that there was indeed a definite pattern to the allocation of attention based on the nature of the event, which is promising for the goal of developing a predictive metric. As a follow-up, a paper-based experiment was carried out in which participants were asked to sketch the predicted post-collision trajectories of the same two spheres printed on paper. These experiments demonstrated that attention alone was not sufficient in determining performance, but rather the nature of the dynamic event itself also played a role.