SIGGRAPH '96 Proceedings of the 23rd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Video Rewrite: driving visual speech with audio
Proceedings of the 24th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Synthesizing realistic facial expressions from photographs
Proceedings of the 25th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Automatic Classification of Single Facial Images
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Expressive expression mapping with ratio images
Proceedings of the 28th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Generating realistic facial expressions with wrinkles for model-based coding
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Trainable videorealistic speech animation
Proceedings of the 29th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
MPEG-4 Compatible Faces from Orthogonal Photos
CA '99 Proceedings of the Computer Animation
Facial Analysis and Synthesis Using Image-Based Models
FG '96 Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition (FG '96)
Emotional facial expression model building
Pattern Recognition Letters
Appearance Factorization based Facial Expression Recognition and Synthesis
ICPR '04 Proceedings of the Pattern Recognition, 17th International Conference on (ICPR'04) Volume 4 - Volume 04
Facial Expressive Image Analysis by Using Nonlinear Factorization Model
ICIG '04 Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Image and Graphics
Separating Style and Content with Bilinear Models
Neural Computation
MPEG-4 facial animation technology: survey, implementation, and results
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
Expression-invariant face recognition by facial expression transformations
Pattern Recognition Letters
An interactive facial expression generation system
Multimedia Tools and Applications
Automatic design of a control interface for a synthetic face
Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces
Expression transfer for facial sketch animation
Signal Processing
Comprehending and transferring facial expressions based on statistical shape and texture models
CGI'06 Proceedings of the 24th international conference on Advances in Computer Graphics
Facial expression transformations for expression-invariant face recognition
ISVC'06 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Advances in Visual Computing - Volume Part I
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Facial expressional image synthesis is an important technique in human-computer interaction, but it is also a difficult task, especially to make various realistic expressive face images with a flexible control mechanism. In this paper, a novel parameter driven method of synthesizing realistic comprehensive expressional image is proposed. In this method a kernel-based bi-factor factorization model is adopted to decompose two influence factors, identity and expression, and their interaction from a small training database. Therefore the facial expressional images in the training database can be covered by corresponding identity and expression vectors and their interaction matrix. Comprehensive expression image can be manipulated by means of linear combination of these basis expression vectors in a flexible manner. In order to make this trained model be capable of producing realistic expressional images of any person outside the training set, expression ratio image (ERI) and relative shape description are joined into our model to enhance the expressive power of our method. Experimental results show that realistic facial expressional image can be synthesized successfully from only one picture of someone who is quite different from persons in the training database, and controlled by a parameter vector efficiently and effectively.