Comparison of four subjective workload rating scales
Human Factors - Special issue: measurement in human factors
SpeechSkimmer: interactively skimming recorded speech
UIST '93 Proceedings of the 6th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
NewsComm: a hand-held interface for interactive access to structured audio
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The effect of task conditions on the comprehensibility of synthetic speech
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Nomadic radio: speech and audio interaction for contextual messaging in nomadic environments
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI) - Special issue on human-computer interaction with mobile systems
On the road and on the Web?: comprehension of synthetic and human speech while driving
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Rivalry and interference with a head-mounted display
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
The Psychology of Human-Computer Interaction
The Psychology of Human-Computer Interaction
Examining mobile phone text legibility while walking
CHI '04 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
An empirical comparison of use-in-motion evaluation scenarios for mobile computing devices
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
Quickdraw: the impact of mobility and on-body placement on device access time
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Human computer interaction with mobile devices and services
CHI '09 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Multi-display Composition: Supporting Display Sharing for Collocated Mobile Devices
INTERACT '09 Proceedings of the 12th IFIP TC 13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Part I
From Paper to PDA: Design and Evaluation of a Clinical Ward Instruction on a Mobile Device
INTERACT '09 Proceedings of the 12th IFIP TC 13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Part II
Investigating selection and reading performance on a mobile phone while walking
Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Human computer interaction with mobile devices and services
Enhancing mobile browsing and reading
CHI '11 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
NaviRadar: a novel tactile information display for pedestrian navigation
Proceedings of the 24th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
CHI '12 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Visual search on a mobile device while walking
MobileHCI '12 Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Human-computer interaction with mobile devices and services
A dynamic content summarization system for opportunistic driver infotainment
Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications
Collecting location-based voice messages on a TalkingBadge
Proceedings of the 7th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Making Sense Through Design
Proceedings of the 7th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Making Sense Through Design
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In this paper we present a 20-participant controlled experiment to evaluate and compare a head-down visual display and a synthesized speech audio display for comprehending text while mobile. Participants completed reading comprehension trials while walking a path and sitting. We examine overall performance and perceived workload for four conditions: audio-walking, audio-sitting, visual-walking, and visual-sitting. Results suggest audio is an acceptable modality for mobile comprehension of text. Participants' comprehension scores for the audio-walking condition were comparable to the scores for the visual-walking condition. More importantly, participants saw improvements in their ability to navigate the environment when using the audio display.