Single Pass, BLAST-Like, Approximate String Matching on FPGAs

  • Authors:
  • Martin C. Herbordt;Josh Model;Yongfeng Gu;Bharat Sukhwani;Tom VanCourt

  • Affiliations:
  • Boston University/ Boston, MA;Boston University/ Boston, MA;Boston University/ Boston, MA;Boston University/ Boston, MA;Boston University/ Boston, MA

  • Venue:
  • FCCM '06 Proceedings of the 14th Annual IEEE Symposium on Field-Programmable Custom Computing Machines
  • Year:
  • 2006

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Abstract

Approximate string matching is funda- mental to bioinformatics, and has been the subject of numerous FPGA acceleration studies. We ad- dress issues with respect to FPGA implementations of both BLAST- and dynamic-programming- (DP) based methods. Our primary contributions are two new algo- rithms for emulating the seeding and extension phases of BLAST. These operate in a single pass through a database at streaming rate (110 Maa/sec on a VP70 for query sizes up to 600 and 170 Maa/sec on a Virtex4 for query sizes up to 1024), and with no preprocessing other than loading the query string. Further, they use very high sensitivity with no slowdown. While cur- rent DP-based methods also operate at streaming rate, generating results can be cumbersome. We address this with a new structure for data extraction. We present results from several implementations.