Randomized algorithms
A performance comparison of multi-hop wireless ad hoc network routing protocols
MobiCom '98 Proceedings of the 4th annual ACM/IEEE international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Directed diffusion: a scalable and robust communication paradigm for sensor networks
MobiCom '00 Proceedings of the 6th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector Routing
WMCSA '99 Proceedings of the Second IEEE Workshop on Mobile Computer Systems and Applications
A secure ad-hoc routing approach using localized self-healing communities
Proceedings of the 6th ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking and computing
Data collection, storage, and retrieval with an underwater sensor network
Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
Proceedings of the 12th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Lazy cross-link removal for geographic routing
Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
VBF: vector-based forwarding protocol for underwater sensor networks
NETWORKING'06 Proceedings of the 5th international IFIP-TC6 conference on Networking Technologies, Services, and Protocols; Performance of Computer and Communication Networks; Mobile and Wireless Communications Systems
The effects of on-demand behavior in routing protocols for multihop wireless ad hoc networks
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
Energy analysis of routing protocols for underwater wireless sensor networks
Computer Communications
Self-deployment of sensors for maximized coverage in underwater acoustic sensor networks
Computer Communications
A shadow zone aware routing protocol for tactical acoustic undersea surveillance networks
MILCOM'09 Proceedings of the 28th IEEE conference on Military communications
E-PULRP: energy optimized path unaware layered routing protocol for underwater sensor networks
IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
A Distributed Energy-Aware Routing Protocol for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks
Wireless Personal Communications: An International Journal
Performance of pressure routing in drifting 3D underwater sensor networks for deep water monitoring
Proceedings of the Seventh ACM International Conference on Underwater Networks and Systems
Hi-index | 0.00 |
In this paper we study multi-hop ad hoc routing in a scalable underwater sensor network (UWSN), which is a novel network paradigm for ad hoc investigation of the world below the water surface. Unlike existing underwater acoustic networks (UAN), the new UWSN paradigm dispatches large number (in the thousands) of unmanned low-cost sensor nodes to locally monitor and report otherwise not easily accessible underwater events in a time-critical manner. Due to the large propagation latency and very low bandwidth of the acoustic channel, a new protocol stack and corresponding models are required as conventional approaches fail. In particular, we show that neither proactive routing message exchange nor reactive/on-demand flooding is adequate in the challenging new underwater environment. Unlike the terrestrial scenarios, on-demand flooding cannot be both reliable and efficient due to widespread collisions caused by the large propagation delay. On the other hand, as in terrestrial scenarios, proactive routing is more expensive and less efficient than on-demand routing in typical underwater environments. We propose a ''conservative'' communications architecture that minimizes the number of all packet transmissions to avoid possible acoustic collisions. This is implemented in the non-intrusive underwater diffusion (UWD), which is a multi-hop ad hoc routing and in-network processing protocol with no proactive routing message exchange and negligible amount of on-demand floods. To achieve its design goal, UWD does not rely on GPS or power hungry motors to control currents. Instead, UWD is designed in a minimalist's framework, which assumes homogeneous GPS-free nodes and random node mobility. Our simulation study verifies the effectiveness and efficiency of our design.