Combinatorial optimization: algorithms and complexity
Combinatorial optimization: algorithms and complexity
A Unified Approach to the Change of Resolution: Space and Gray-Level
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
International Journal of Computer Vision
Using Spin Images for Efficient Object Recognition in Cluttered 3D Scenes
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
A novel vector-based approach to color image retrieval using a vector angular-based distance measure
Computer Vision and Image Understanding - Special issue on content-based access for image and video libraries
International Journal of Computer Vision - Special issue on statistical and computational theories of vision: modeling, learning, sampling and computing, Part I
The Earth Mover's Distance as a Metric for Image Retrieval
International Journal of Computer Vision
Perceptual Metrics for Image Database Navigation
Perceptual Metrics for Image Database Navigation
Empirical evaluation of dissimilarity measures for color and texture
Computer Vision and Image Understanding - Special issue on empirical evaluation of computer vision algorithms
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
Efficient Color Histogram Indexing for Quadratic Form Distance Functions
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Shape Matching and Object Recognition Using Shape Contexts
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
A Computational Framework for Determining Stereo Correspondence from a Set of Linear Spatial Filters
ECCV '92 Proceedings of the Second European Conference on Computer Vision
A new polynomial-time algorithm for linear programming
STOC '84 Proceedings of the sixteenth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
The Earth Mover's Distance under Transformation Sets
ICCV '99 Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision-Volume 2 - Volume 2
Distinctive Image Features from Scale-Invariant Keypoints
International Journal of Computer Vision
A SIFT Descriptor with Global Context
CVPR '05 Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'05) - Volume 1 - Volume 01
Using the Inner-Distance for Classification of Articulated Shapes
CVPR '05 Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'05) - Volume 2 - Volume 02
A Sparse Texture Representation Using Local Affine Regions
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
A Performance Evaluation of Local Descriptors
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Common Pattern Discovery Using Earth Mover"s Distance and Local Flow Maximization
ICCV '05 Proceedings of the Tenth IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision - Volume 2
The Pyramid Match Kernel: Discriminative Classification with Sets of Image Features
ICCV '05 Proceedings of the Tenth IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision - Volume 2
Deformation Invariant Image Matching
ICCV '05 Proceedings of the Tenth IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision - Volume 2
PCA-SIFT: a more distinctive representation for local image descriptors
CVPR'04 Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE computer society conference on Computer vision and pattern recognition
Shape context and chamfer matching in cluttered scenes
CVPR'03 Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE computer society conference on Computer vision and pattern recognition
Recognizing objects in adversarial clutter: breaking a visual captcha
CVPR'03 Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE computer society conference on Computer vision and pattern recognition
Video-rate stereo depth measurement on programmable hardware
CVPR'03 Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE computer society conference on Computer vision and pattern recognition
EMD-L1: an efficient and robust algorithm for comparing histogram-based descriptors
ECCV'06 Proceedings of the 9th European conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part III
Distance sets for shape filters and shape recognition
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Shape representation and recognition through morphological curvature scale spaces
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Color in image and video processing: most recent trends and future research directions
Journal on Image and Video Processing - Color in Image and Video Processing
Adaptive image retrieval based on the spatial organization of colors
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Numismatic Object Identification Using Fusion of Shape and Local Descriptors
ISVC '08 Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Advances in Visual Computing, Part II
Many-to-Many Matching under the l1 Norm
ICIAP '09 Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Image Analysis and Processing
MM '09 Proceedings of the 17th ACM international conference on Multimedia
A Lie group based Gaussian Mixture Model distance measure for multimedia comparison
Proceedings of the First International Conference on Internet Multimedia Computing and Service
Numerical sequence matching based on local sum functions
Pattern Recognition Letters
Learning Robust Similarity Measures for 3D Partial Shape Retrieval
International Journal of Computer Vision
Histogram similarity measure using variable bin size distance
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Improving shape retrieval by spectral matching and meta similarity
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
The quadratic-chi histogram distance family
ECCV'10 Proceedings of the 11th European conference on Computer vision: Part II
Geodesic shape retrieval via optimal mass transport
ECCV'10 Proceedings of the 11th European conference on Computer vision: Part V
Efficient and effective similarity search over probabilistic data based on earth mover's distance
Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment
A new pose-based representation for recognizing actions from multiple cameras
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Localized earth mover's distance for robust histogram comparison
ACCV'10 Proceedings of the 10th Asian conference on Computer vision - Volume Part I
Efficient clustering earth mover's distance
ACCV'10 Proceedings of the 10th Asian conference on Computer vision - Volume Part II
Efficient many-to-many feature matching under the l1 norm
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Learning context-sensitive similarity by shortest path propagation
Pattern Recognition
Unsupervised clustering of multidimensional distributions using earth mover distance
Proceedings of the 17th ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining
Protecting location privacy using location semantics
Proceedings of the 17th ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining
Transportation Distances on the Circle
Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision
Sorting atomic activities for discovering spatio-temporal patterns in dynamic scenes
ICIAP'11 Proceedings of the 16th international conference on Image analysis and processing: Part I
A linear-time approximation of the earth mover's distance
Proceedings of the 20th ACM international conference on Information and knowledge management
A multi-level matching method with hybrid similarity for document retrieval
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
Exploration and comparison of geographic information sources using distance statistics
Proceedings of the 19th ACM SIGSPATIAL International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems
Efficient partial shape matching of outer contours
ACCV'09 Proceedings of the 9th Asian conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part I
A perceptually motivated morphological strategy for shape retrieval
ICIC'11 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Advanced Intelligent Computing Theories and Applications: with aspects of artificial intelligence
Hand shape recognition based on coherent distance shape contexts
Pattern Recognition
Perceptually motivated morphological strategies for shape retrieval
Pattern Recognition
Exploiting sparse representations for robust analysis of noisy complex video scenes
ECCV'12 Proceedings of the 12th European conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part VI
WS-Finder: a framework for similarity search of web services
ICSOC'12 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Service-Oriented Computing
International Journal of Computer Vision
Tensor-SIFT Based Earth Mover's Distance for Contour Tracking
Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision
Perceptually motivated shape context which uses shape interiors
Pattern Recognition
Combining topological and view-based features for 3D model retrieval
Multimedia Tools and Applications
A hierarchical semantic-based distance for nominal histogram comparison
Data & Knowledge Engineering
Type Extension Trees for feature construction and learning in relational domains
Artificial Intelligence
Sparse representation for robust abnormality detection in crowded scenes
Pattern Recognition
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We propose EMD-L_{1}: a fast and exact algorithm for computing the Earth Mover's Distance (EMD) between a pair of histograms. The efficiency of the new algorithm enables its application to problems that were previously prohibitive due to high time complexities. The proposed EMD-L_{1} significantly simplifies the original linear programming formulation of EMD. Exploiting the L_{1} metric structure, the number of unknown variables in EMD-L_{1} is reduced to O(N) from O(N^{2}) of the original EMD for a histogram with N bins. In addition, the number of constraints is reduced by half and the objective function of the linear program is simplified. Formally, without any approximation, we prove that the EMD-L_{1} formulation is equivalent to the original EMD with a L_{1} ground distance. To perform the EMD-L_{1} computation, we propose an efficient tree-based algorithm, Tree-EMD. Tree-EMD exploits the fact that a basic feasible solution of the simplex algorithm-based solver forms a spanning tree when we interpret EMD-L_{1} as a network flow optimization problem. We empirically show that this new algorithm has an average time complexity of O(N^{2}), which significantly improves the best reported supercubic complexity of the original EMD. The accuracy of the proposed methods is evaluated by experiments for two computation-intensive problems: shape recognition and interest point matching using multidimensional histogram-based local features. For shape recognition, EMD-L_{1} is applied to compare shape contexts on the widely tested MPEG7 shape data set, as well as an articulated shape data set. For interest point matching, SIFT, shape context and spin image are tested on both synthetic and real image pairs with large geometrical deformation, illumination change, and heavy intensity noise. The results demonstrate that our EMD-L_{1}-based solutions outperform previously reported state-of-the-art features and distance measures in solving the two tasks.