Two case studies of open source software development: Apache and Mozilla
ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology (TOSEM)
Game Design Theory and Practice
Game Design Theory and Practice
Game Developer's Guide to Design and Production
Game Developer's Guide to Design and Production
Game Design Workshop: Designing, Prototyping, and Playtesting Games
Game Design Workshop: Designing, Prototyping, and Playtesting Games
Defining grief play in MMORPGs: player and developer perceptions
Proceedings of the 2004 ACM SIGCHI International Conference on Advances in computer entertainment technology
Core Techniques and Algorithms in Game Programming
Core Techniques and Algorithms in Game Programming
What went wrong: a taxonomy of video game bugs
Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games
Negotiating Students' Conceptions of 'Cheating' in Video Games and in School
International Journal of Gaming and Computer-Mediated Simulations
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Video games constitute a major sector of computing with distinctive social implications. Analysis of video game programming errors, design limitations, and rule ambiguities suggests a range of positive functions that glitches and cheats may perform. Glitches are software errors, either programming bugs or design flaws. Cheats are tricks for mastering games by circumventing the official rules for play. This article is based on the study of 751 glitches in 155 popular video games plus examination of web sites that disseminate cheats. It compares the standard computer science response to errors, which is to eliminate them, with a common video gamer response, which is to exploit them. The theoretical analysis contrasts games (in which victory is achieving set goals by following given rules) with metagames (in which victory is having the power to define the nature and rules of the game). Several related theoretical concepts are used to describe the complex subculture of video game players, for whom glitches and cheats are socially significant.