Four-scanning attack on hierarchical digital watermarking method for image tamper detection and recovery

  • Authors:

  • Chin-Chen Chang;Yi-Hsuan Fan;Wei-Liang Tai

  • Affiliations:

  • Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science, Feng Chia University, Taichung 407, Taiwan, ROC and Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chung Cheng Uni ...;Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi 621, Taiwan, ROC;Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi 621, Taiwan, ROC

  • Venue:
  • Pattern Recognition
  • Year:
  • 2008

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Abstract

In a recent paper presented by Lin et al., a block-based hierarchical watermarking algorithm for digital images is proposed. It adopts parity check and the intensity-relation check to conduct the experiment of image tamper detection. Their experimental results indicate that the precision of tamper detection and localization is 99.6% and 100% after level-2 and level-3 inspections, respectively. The proposed attacks demonstrate that this watermarking algorithm is fundamentally flawed in that the attacker can tamper a watermarked image easily without being detected. In this paper, a four-scanning attack aimed to Lin et al.'s watermarking method is presented to create tampered images. Furthermore, in case they use encryption to protect their 3-tuple-watermark, we proposed a blind attack to tamper watermarked images without being detected. Experimental results are given to support and enhance our conclusions, and demonstrate that our attacks are successful in tampering watermarked images.