ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR) - Special issue: position statements on strategic directions in computing research
Affective computing
Research + design: the making of Brainball
interactions
Pupil size variation as an indication of affective processing
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies - Application of affective computing in human—Computer interaction
Task-evoked pupillary response to mental workload in human-computer interaction
CHI '04 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Empathic tutoring software agents using real-time eye tracking
Proceedings of the 2006 symposium on Eye tracking research & applications
Evaluating usability based on multimodal information: an empirical study
Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Multimodal interfaces
Invisible eni: using gaze and pupil size to control a game
CHI '08 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Discriminating the relevance of web search results with measures of pupil size
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Gazing at games: using eye tracking to control virtual characters
ACM SIGGRAPH 2010 Courses
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We investigate consciously controlled pupil size as an input modality. Pupil size is affected by various processes, e.g., physical activation, strong emotional experiences and cognitive effort. Our hypothesis is that given continuous feedback, users can learn to control pupil size via physical and psychological self-regulation. We test it by measuring the magnitude of self evoked pupil size changes following seven different instructions, while providing real time graphical feedback on pupil size. Results show that some types of voluntary effort affect pupil size on a statistically significant level. A second controlled experiment confirms that subjects can produce pupil dilation and construction on demand during paced tasks. Applications and limitations to using voluntary pupil size manipulation as an input modality are discussed.