Tracking and data association
Feature extraction from faces using deformable templates
International Journal of Computer Vision
Eigenfaces vs. Fisherfaces: Recognition Using Class Specific Linear Projection
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Neural Network-Based Face Detection
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
An eigenspace update algorithm for image analysis
Graphical Models and Image Processing
Direct Least Square Fitting of Ellipses
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Detecting Faces in Images: A Survey
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Face Recognition from Long-Term Observations
ECCV '02 Proceedings of the 7th European Conference on Computer Vision-Part III
Catadioptric Omnidirectional Camera
CVPR '97 Proceedings of the 1997 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR '97)
Elliptical Head Tracking Using Intensity Gradients and Color Histograms
CVPR '98 Proceedings of the IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Multi-Modal System for Locating Heads and Faces
FG '96 Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition (FG '96)
Face Recognition Using Temporal Image Sequence
FG '98 Proceedings of the 3rd. International Conference on Face & Gesture Recognition
An Incremental Learning Method for Face Recognition under Continuous Video Stream
FG '00 Proceedings of the Fourth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition 2000
Activity monitoring and summarization for an intelligent meeting room
HUMO '00 Proceedings of the Workshop on Human Motion (HUMO'00)
RATFG-RTS '99 Proceedings of the International Workshop on Recognition, Analysis, and Tracking of Faces and Gestures in Real-Time Systems
WACV '96 Proceedings of the 3rd IEEE Workshop on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV '96)
Fast Face Detection with Precise Pose Estimation
ICPR '02 Proceedings of the 16 th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR'02) Volume 1 - Volume 1
Streaming Face Recognition Using Multicamera Video Arrays
ICPR '02 Proceedings of the 16 th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR'02) Volume 4 - Volume 4
Video arrays for real-time tracking of person, head, and face in an intelligent room
Machine Vision and Applications - Special issue: Omnidirectional vision and its applications
The CMU Pose, Illumination, and Expression Database
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Object Detection Using the Statistics of Parts
International Journal of Computer Vision
Robust Real-Time Detection, Tracking, and Pose Estimation of Faces in Video Streams
ICPR '04 Proceedings of the Pattern Recognition, 17th International Conference on (ICPR'04) Volume 3 - Volume 03
Visual contextualization and activity monitoring for networked telepresence
Proceedings of the 2004 ACM SIGMM workshop on Effective telepresence
Face Recognition with Image Sets Using Manifold Density Divergence
CVPR '05 Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'05) - Volume 1 - Volume 01
Distributed Interactive Video Arrays for Event Capture and Enhanced Situational Awareness
IEEE Intelligent Systems
Human computing and machine understanding of human behavior: a survey
Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Multimodal interfaces
An integrated two-stage framework for robust head pose estimation
AMFG'05 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Analysis and Modelling of Faces and Gestures
Dynamic context capture and distributed video arrays for intelligent spaces
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part A: Systems and Humans
Privacy preserving video surveillance using pedestrian tracking mechanism
Proceedings of the 2nd ACM workshop on Multimedia in forensics, security and intelligence
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We present a multilevel system architecture for intelligent environments equipped with omnivideo arrays. In order to gain unobtrusive human awareness, real-time 3D human tracking as well as robust video-based face detection and tracking and face recognition algorithms are needed. We first propose a multiprimitive face detection and tracking loop to crop face videos as the front end of our face recognition algorithm. Both skin-tone and elliptical detections are used for robust face searching, and view-based face classification is applied to the candidates before updating the Kalman filters for face tracking. For video-based face recognition, we propose three decision rules on the facial video segments. The majority rule and discrete HMM (DHMM) rule accumulate single-frame face recognition results, while continuous density HMM (CDHMM) works directly with the PCA facial features of the video segment for accumulated maximum likelihood (ML) decision. The experiments demonstrate the robustness of the proposed face detection and tracking scheme and the three streaming face recognition schemes with 99% accuracy of the CDHMM rule. We then experiment on the system interactions with single person and group people by the integrated layers of activity awareness.We also discuss the speech-aided incremental learning of new faces.