MediaBench: a tool for evaluating and synthesizing multimedia and communicatons systems
MICRO 30 Proceedings of the 30th annual ACM/IEEE international symposium on Microarchitecture
Profile guided selection of ARM and thumb instructions
Proceedings of the joint conference on Languages, compilers and tools for embedded systems: software and compilers for embedded systems
Proceedings of the 15th international symposium on System Synthesis
Enhancing the performance of 16-bit code using augmenting instructions
Proceedings of the 2003 ACM SIGPLAN conference on Language, compiler, and tool for embedded systems
Thumb: Reducing the Cost of 32-bit RISC Performance in Portable and Consumer Applications
COMPCON '96 Proceedings of the 41st IEEE International Computer Conference
An Efficient Compiler Technique for Code Size Reduction Using Reduced Bit-Width ISAs
Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe
Feedback driven instruction-set extension
Proceedings of the 2004 ACM SIGPLAN/SIGBED conference on Languages, compilers, and tools for embedded systems
Efficient code size reduction without performance loss
Proceedings of the 2007 ACM symposium on Applied computing
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Code size is becoming an important design factor in the embedded domain. To deal with this problem, many embedded RISC processors support a dual-width instruction set. Mixed code generation is also introduced in expectation of achieving both higher code density from the narrow instruction set (usually 16 bits) and good performance from the normal one (usually 32 bits), with little extra cost. To a certain application domain, processors can combine an efficient general purpose instruction set and a narrow instruction set tailored to the particular applications. Since the design of instruction set is highly related to the compiler and the application programs, a feedback driven technique will be a good choice.In this paper, we introduce a framework of automatic narrow instruction set design. The instructions are described in our Instruction Set Description Template (ISDT). Given a set of application programs, the design tool will iteratively use the suggested narrow instruction set represented in ISDT to do mixed-code generation and to update the narrow instruction set according to the evaluation feedback, thus to get an ultimate fine narrow instruction set without human designer's involvement. We describe our method in detail by example of designing narrow instruction set for UniCore with the mediabench as the application set, and show its usefulness through the experiments.