Psychological evaluation of path hypotheses in cognitive diagnosis
Learning Issues for Intelligent Tutoring Systems
Procedural help in Andes: generating hints using a Bayesian network student model
AAAI '98/IAAI '98 Proceedings of the fifteenth national/tenth conference on Artificial intelligence/Innovative applications of artificial intelligence
Checking for Dimensional Correctness in Physics Equations
Proceedings of the Fifteenth International Florida Artificial Intelligence Research Society Conference
Reasoning about Systems of Physics Equations
ITS '02 Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems
Minimally Invasive Tutoring of Complex Physics Problem Solving
ITS '02 Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems
The Application of Cognitive Diagnosis to the Quantitative Analysis of Simple Electrical Circuits
ITS '92 Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems
Intelligent Tutoring System for Symbolic Calculation
ITS '92 Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems
Andes: A Coached Problem Solving Environment for Physics
ITS '00 Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems
The Andes Physics Tutoring System: Lessons Learned
International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education
The Andes Physics Tutoring System: Five Years of Evaluations
Proceedings of the 2005 conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education: Supporting Learning through Intelligent and Socially Informed Technology
Minimally Invasive Tutoring of Complex Physics Problem Solving
ITS '02 Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems
Automatic Multi-criteria Assessment of Open-Ended Questions: A Case Study in School Algebra
ITS '08 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems
The Andes Physics Tutoring System: Lessons Learned
International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education
The Behavior of Tutoring Systems
International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education
Proceedings of the 2005 conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education: Supporting Learning through Intelligent and Socially Informed Technology
Review: Student modeling approaches: A literature review for the last decade
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
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To help a student in an introductory physics course do quantitative homework problems, an intelligent tutoring system must determine information of an algebraic nature. This paper describes a subsystem which resolves such questions for Andes2. The capabilities of the subsystem would be useful for any ITS which deals with problems involving complex systems of equations. This subsystem is capable of 1) solving the systems of equations at the level of introductory physics problems, 2) checking the validity of equations the students enter, 3) investigating whether an equation is independent from a set of other equations, and if not, determining on which equations it does depend, and finally 4) providing tools to help the student with algebraic manipulations, including a "solve-tool" that solves her equations. The ability to determine dependence of equations is first used by Andes during problem generation, by providing information to that component of the ITS which generates correct solutions to the problem. Later, during tutoring, it enables the help module to model which equations the student appears to know. One new feature of this algebra subsystem is that it deals with the dimensional units of physical quantities throughout. An important change from a previous approach is in the meaning of "correctness" of an equation and in the method of determining which equations it can be derived from. The theoretical differences between the two methods, and the pros and cons of each, are discussed. Then we evaluate how the capabilities of the subsystem have affected the Andes tutor's effectiveness, with a particular emphasis on the effects of the changed method.