Visualization ability as a predictor of user learning success
International Journal of Man-Machine Studies
Lost in hyperspace: cognitive mapping and navigation in a hypertext environment
Hypertext: theory into practice
ERCIM'06 Proceedings of the 9th conference on User interfaces for all
How younger and older adults master the usage of hyperlinks in small screen devices
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Understanding age differences in PDA acceptance and performance
Computers in Human Behavior
Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Human computer interaction with mobile devices and services
Instruction Formats and Navigation Aids in Mobile Devices
USAB '08 Proceedings of the 4th Symposium of the Workgroup Human-Computer Interaction and Usability Engineering of the Austrian Computer Society on HCI and Usability for Education and Work
Effects of age, cognitive, and personal factors on PDA menu navigation performance
Behaviour & Information Technology
Spatial Cues in Small Screen Devices: Benefit Or Handicap?
INTERACT '09 Proceedings of the 12th IFIP TC 13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Part I
Which Factors Form Older Adults' Acceptance of Mobile Information and Communication Technologies?
USAB '09 Proceedings of the 5th Symposium of the Workgroup Human-Computer Interaction and Usability Engineering of the Austrian Computer Society on HCI and Usability for e-Inclusion
Smart Home Technologies: Insights into Generation-Specific Acceptance Motives
USAB '09 Proceedings of the 5th Symposium of the Workgroup Human-Computer Interaction and Usability Engineering of the Austrian Computer Society on HCI and Usability for e-Inclusion
Effects of Aging and Domain Knowledge on Usability in Small Screen Devices for Diabetes Patients
USAB '09 Proceedings of the 5th Symposium of the Workgroup Human-Computer Interaction and Usability Engineering of the Austrian Computer Society on HCI and Usability for e-Inclusion
ISSEP '10 Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Informatics in Secondary Schools - Evolution and Perspectives: Teaching Fundamentals Concepts of Informatics
ERCIM'06 Proceedings of the 9th conference on User interfaces for all
Mobile phone user interface design for patients with traumatic brain injury
Proceedings of the 11th International Conference of the NZ Chapter of the ACM Special Interest Group on Human-Computer Interaction
Mental models of menu structures in diabetes assistants
ICCHP'10 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Computers helping people with special needs
Chances of increasing youth health awareness through mobile wellness applications
USAB'10 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on HCI in work and learning, life and leisure: workgroup human-computer interaction and usability engineering
Barrel menu: a new mobile phone menu for feature rich devices
Proceedings of the South African Institute of Computer Scientists and Information Technologists Conference on Knowledge, Innovation and Leadership in a Diverse, Multidisciplinary Environment
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
Oh app, where art thou?: on app launching habits of smartphone users
Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Human-computer interaction with mobile devices and services
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The current study was concerned with the basic question of how to overcome users' disorientation when navigating through hierarchical menus in small-screen technical devices, as for example mobile phones. In these devices, menu functions are typically organized in a tree structure. Two different navigation aids were implemented into a computer simulation of a real mobile phone (Siemens S45 ®). The interface of the first navigation aid (the "category" aid) showed the name of the current category as well as a list of its contents. The interface of the other navigation aid (the "tree" aid) was identical to the first except that it also showed the parents and parent-parents of the current of the category and it indented the subcategories to emphasize the hierarchical structure. For the study, 16 younger (23-28 years) and 16 older adults (46-60 years) had to solve 9 common phone tasks twice consecutively to measure learnability. To gain further insight into user characteristics modulating navigation performance and possibly interacting with the utility of the navigation aids, we assessed users' verbal memory and spatial abilities. Dependent variables were task effectiveness (number of tasks solved) and efficiency (time on task, number of returns in menu hierarchy, and returns to the top). The results reveal a consistent and significant advantage of the tree aid for both age groups, an advantage that was larger for users with lower spatial abilities and older adults. In general, older adults had lower verbal memory and spatial abilities, which were found to account for their lower navigation performance. We assume that the strong advantage of the tree aid is due to the spatial information on the menu structure, which thus conveys survey knowledge. This allows users to form an adequate mental representation of the menu. It is recommended to add a navigation aid providing survey knowledge into the displays of small-screen devices to achieve better overall performance.