Performance differences in the fingers, wrist, and forearm in computer input control
Proceedings of the ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human factors in computing systems
Testing pointing device performance and user assessment with the ISO 9241, Part 9 standard
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Putting the feel in ’look and feel‘
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Scale effects in steering law tasks
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
More than dotting the i's --- foundations for crossing-based interfaces
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Haptic Feedback: A Brief History from Telepresence to Virtual Reality
Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Haptic Human-Computer Interaction
Tactons: structured tactile messages for non-visual information display
AUIC '04 Proceedings of the fifth conference on Australasian user interface - Volume 28
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies - Special issue: Fitts law 50 years later: Applications and contributions from human-computer interaction
An evaluation of sticky and force enhanced targets in multi target situations
Proceedings of the 4th Nordic conference on Human-computer interaction: changing roles
Discrimination and identification of finger joint-angle position using active motion
ACM Transactions on Applied Perception (TAP)
OctoPocus: a dynamic guide for learning gesture-based command sets
Proceedings of the 21st annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Multimodal selection techniques for dense and occluded 3D virtual environments
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
HAID'10 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Haptic and audio interaction design
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Besides realistic haptic rendering of objects, haptic feedback can also be used to provide an abstract feedback channel. This can either be realised by a tactile or a force feedback stimulus. When using forces, care has to be taken that the user's performance is not influenced in a negative way. However, as it is not obvious to determine a suitable force, and currently not many guidelines exist. Therefore, in this paper we investigate the influence on some important parameters that define a force (shape, duration and amplitude). In order to compare different forces, we propose to use the definite integral (Force Integral, FI ) which combines the considered parameters. From the conducted experiment we learn that the FI can be used (within bounds) to make an estimation of the result of the force. Besides this, we also found that above a given FI value, the user's performance degrades significantly.