A variant of Heapsort with almost optimal number of comparisons
Information Processing Letters
The Cricket location-support system
MobiCom '00 Proceedings of the 6th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
GPSR: greedy perimeter stateless routing for wireless networks
MobiCom '00 Proceedings of the 6th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Dynamic fine-grained localization in Ad-Hoc networks of sensors
Proceedings of the 7th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice
Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice
Robust Positioning Algorithms for Distributed Ad-Hoc Wireless Sensor Networks
ATEC '02 Proceedings of the General Track of the annual conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference
Localization from mere connectivity
Proceedings of the 4th ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking & computing
Range-free localization schemes for large scale sensor networks
Proceedings of the 9th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Self-configuring localization systems: Design and Experimental Evaluation
ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems (TECS)
Sensor network-based countersniper system
SenSys '04 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
Robust distributed network localization with noisy range measurements
SenSys '04 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
Localization and routing in sensor networks by local angle information
Proceedings of the 6th ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking and computing
A high-accuracy, low-cost localization system for wireless sensor networks
Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
Slip surface localization in wireless sensor networks for landslide prediction
Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Information processing in sensor networks
Robust distributed node localization with error management
Proceedings of the 7th ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking and computing
Distributed localization using noisy distance and angle information
Proceedings of the 7th ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking and computing
Distributed weighted-multidimensional scaling for node localization in sensor networks
ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks (TOSN)
The effects of ranging noise on multihop localization: an empirical study
IPSN '05 Proceedings of the 4th international symposium on Information processing in sensor networks
Localization in sparse networks using sweeps
Proceedings of the 12th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
A practical evaluation of radio signal strength for ranging-based localization
ACM SIGMOBILE Mobile Computing and Communications Review
Geographic routing made practical
NSDI'05 Proceedings of the 2nd conference on Symposium on Networked Systems Design & Implementation - Volume 2
Rendered path: range-free localization in anisotropic sensor networks with holes
Proceedings of the 13th annual ACM international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Pervasive and Mobile Computing
MSP: multi-sequence positioning of wireless sensor nodes
Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
Sequence-Based Localization in Wireless Sensor Networks
IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing
Quality of Trilateration: Confidence Based Iterative Localization
ICDCS '08 Proceedings of the 2008 The 28th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems
Spinning beacons for precise indoor localization
Proceedings of the 6th ACM conference on Embedded network sensor systems
Organizing a global coordinate system from local information on an ad hoc sensor network
IPSN'03 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Information processing in sensor networks
Radio characterization of 802.15.4 and its impact on the design of mobile sensor networks
EWSN'08 Proceedings of the 5th European conference on Wireless sensor networks
FIND: faulty node detection for wireless sensor networks
Proceedings of the 7th ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems
Locating sensors in the wild: pursuit of ranging quality
Proceedings of the 8th ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems
Proceedings of the 14th ACM international conference on Modeling, analysis and simulation of wireless and mobile systems
Use of RSSI and time-of-flight wireless signal characteristics for location tracking
Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on PErvasive Technologies Related to Assistive Environments
Mobile Networks and Applications
Mobile sensor network localization in harsh environments
DCOSS'10 Proceedings of the 6th IEEE international conference on Distributed Computing in Sensor Systems
Toward collinearity-aware and conflict-friendly localization for wireless sensor networks
Computer Communications
Sensor Node Localization with Uncontrolled Events
ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems (TECS)
Refining hop-count for localisation in wireless sensor networks
International Journal of Sensor Networks
Localization of wireless sensor networks in the wild: pursuit of ranging quality
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Relative localization for wireless sensor networks with linear topology
Computer Communications
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Wireless sensor networks have been proposed for many location-dependent applications. In such applications, the requirement of low system cost prohibits many range-based methods for sensor node localization; on the other hand, range-free localization depending only on connectivity may underutilize the proximity information embedded in neighborhood sensing. In response to the above limitations, this paper presents a range-free approach to capturing a relative distance between 1-hop neighboring nodes from their neighborhood orderings that serve as unique high-dimensional location signatures for nodes in the network. With little overhead, the proposed design can be conveniently applied as a transparent supporting layer for many state-of-the-art connectivity-based localization solutions to achieve better positioning accuracy. We implemented our design with three well-known localization algorithms and tested it in two types of outdoor test-bed experiments: an 850-foot-long linear network with 54 MICAz motes, and a regular 2D network covering an area of 10000 square feet with 49 motes. Results show that our design helps eliminate estimation ambiguity with sub-hop resolution, and reduces localization errors by as much as 35%. In addition, extensive simulations reveal an interesting feature of robustness for our design under unevenly distributed radio propagation path loss, and confirm its effectiveness for large-scale networks.