Assigning confidence to conditional branch predictions
Proceedings of the 29th annual ACM/IEEE international symposium on Microarchitecture
Complexity-effective superscalar processors
Proceedings of the 24th annual international symposium on Computer architecture
Multipath execution: opportunities and limits
ICS '98 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Supercomputing
Pipeline gating: speculation control for energy reduction
Proceedings of the 25th annual international symposium on Computer architecture
Selective eager execution on the PolyPath architecture
Proceedings of the 25th annual international symposium on Computer architecture
Wattch: a framework for architectural-level power analysis and optimizations
Proceedings of the 27th annual international symposium on Computer architecture
On pipelining dynamic instruction scheduling logic
Proceedings of the 33rd annual ACM/IEEE international symposium on Microarchitecture
Dual path instruction processing
ICS '02 Proceedings of the 16th international conference on Supercomputing
Increasing processor performance by implementing deeper pipelines
ISCA '02 Proceedings of the 29th annual international symposium on Computer architecture
Select-free instruction scheduling logic
Proceedings of the 34th annual ACM/IEEE international symposium on Microarchitecture
A case for dynamic pipeline scaling
CASES '02 Proceedings of the 2002 international conference on Compilers, architecture, and synthesis for embedded systems
Adaptive Pipeline Depth Control for Processor Power-Management
ICCD '02 Proceedings of the 2002 IEEE International Conference on Computer Design: VLSI in Computers and Processors (ICCD'02)
VSV: L2-Miss-Driven Variable Supply-Voltage Scaling for Low Power
Proceedings of the 36th annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture
Level conversion for dual-supply systems
IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
Improved clock-gating through transparent pipelining
Proceedings of the 2004 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
Low-power carry-select adder using adaptive supply voltage based on input vector patterns
Proceedings of the 2004 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
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Pipeline scaling provides an attractive solution for increasingly serious branch misprediction penalties within deep pipeline processor. In this paper we investigate Adaptive Pipeline Scaling (APS) techniques that are related to reducing branch misprediction penalties. We present a dual supply-voltage architecture framework that can be efficiently exploited in an deep pipeline processor to reduce pipeline depth depending on the confidence level of branches in pipeline. We also propose two techniques, Dual Path Index Table (DPIT) and Step-By-Step (STEP) manner, that increase the efficiency for pipeline scaling. With these techniques, we then show that APS not only provides a fast branch misprediction recovery, but also speeds up the resolve of mispredicted branch. The evaluation of APS in a 13-stage superscalar processor with benchmarks from SPEC2000 applications shows a performance improvement (between 3%-12%, average 8%) over baseline processor that does not exploit APS.