Interacting with virtual characters in interactive storytelling
Proceedings of the first international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems: part 1
Managing interaction between users and agents in a multi-agent storytelling environment
AAMAS '03 Proceedings of the second international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems
Guiding interactive drama
Fearnot!: an experiment in emergent narrative
Lecture Notes in Computer Science
Reinforcement learning for declarative optimization-based drama management
AAMAS '06 Proceedings of the fifth international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems
U-director: a decision-theoretic narrative planning architecture for storytelling environments
AAMAS '06 Proceedings of the fifth international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems
The effects of empathetic virtual characters on presence in narrative-centered learning environments
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Toward Meta-cognitive Tutoring: A Model of Help Seeking with a Cognitive Tutor
International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education
The Behavior of Tutoring Systems
International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education
THESPIAN: An Architecture for Interactive Pedagogical Drama
Proceedings of the 2005 conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education: Supporting Learning through Intelligent and Socially Informed Technology
A discourse planning approach to cinematic camera control for narratives in virtual environments
AAAI'05 Proceedings of the 20th national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 1
Early prediction of cognitive tool use in narrative-centered learning environments
AIED'11 Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Artificial intelligence in education
The role of sub-problems: supporting problem solving in narrative-centered learning environments
ITS'12 Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems
A Robust Interactive Narrative Framework for Edutainment
International Journal of Interactive Communication Systems and Technologies
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A key functionality provided by interactive narrative systems is narrative adaptation: augmenting story experiences in response to users' actions, and tailoring story elements to individual users' preferences and needs. However, the task of interactive narrative adaptation is not yet well defined. There is little consensus about the key features of a general model for narrative adaptation, which results in a limited ability to draw comparisons between alternate solutions. This paper aims to synthesize a diverse range of approaches to narrative adaptation, as well as related experience management techniques from intelligent tutoring systems, in order to devise a framework for more clearly conceptualizing the general task of interactive narrative adaptation. The framework has three components: plot adaptation, discourse adaptation, and user tailoring. The conceptual framework is illustrated with examples from Crystal Island, an interactive narrative-centered learning environment for middle school microbiology. The framework is being used to inform preliminary development efforts on an interactive narrative director agent for the Crystal Island learning environment, and aims to provide a first step toward establishing a general model of interactive narrative.