Optimal algorithms for Byzantine agreement
STOC '88 Proceedings of the twentieth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
Genetic programming: on the programming of computers by means of natural selection
Genetic programming: on the programming of computers by means of natural selection
Holistic schedulability analysis for distributed hard real-time systems
Microprocessing and Microprogramming - Parallel processing in embedded real-time systems
Distributed snapshots: determining global states of distributed systems
ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCS)
Evolutionary algorithms in theory and practice: evolution strategies, evolutionary programming, genetic algorithms
Strategic directions in real-time and embedded systems
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR) - Special ACM 50th-anniversary issue: strategic directions in computing research
System-level synthesis of low-power hard real-time systems
DAC '97 Proceedings of the 34th annual Design Automation Conference
MOGAC: a multiobjective genetic algorithm for the co-synthesis of hardware-software embedded systems
ICCAD '97 Proceedings of the 1997 IEEE/ACM international conference on Computer-aided design
Voltage scheduling problem for dynamically variable voltage processors
ISLPED '98 Proceedings of the 1998 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
MOCSYN: multiobjective core-based single-chip system synthesis
DATE '99 Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe
What is evolutionary computation?
IEEE Spectrum
The Byzantine Generals Problem
ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems (TOPLAS)
Energy efficient fixed-priority scheduling for real-time systems on variable voltage processors
Proceedings of the 38th annual Design Automation Conference
New Strategies for Assigning Real-Time Tasks to Multiprocessor Systems
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Grid Coverage for Surveillance and Target Location in Distributed Sensor Networks
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Task Allocation for Distributed Multimedia Processing on Wirelessly Networked Handheld Devices
IPDPS '02 Proceedings of the 16th International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium
Energy-Aware Partitioning for Multiprocessor Real-Time Systems
IPDPS '03 Proceedings of the 17th International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing
Real-Time Task Scheduling for a Variable Voltage Processor
Proceedings of the 12th international symposium on System synthesis
Power-aware scheduling of conditional task graphs in real-time multiprocessor systems
Proceedings of the 2003 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
An Efficient RMS Admission Control and its Application to Multiprocessor Scheduling
IPPS '98 Proceedings of the 12th. International Parallel Processing Symposium on International Parallel Processing Symposium
Power-aware communication optimization for networks-on-chips with voltage scalable links
Proceedings of the 2nd IEEE/ACM/IFIP international conference on Hardware/software codesign and system synthesis
Performance measurements of motes sensor networks
MSWiM '04 Proceedings of the 7th ACM international symposium on Modeling, analysis and simulation of wireless and mobile systems
Studying Energy Trade Offs in Offloading Computation/Compilation in Java-Enabled Mobile Devices
IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems
A computation offloading scheme on handheld devices
Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing - Special issue on middleware
Energy-Aware Task Allocation for Rate Monotonic Scheduling
RTAS '05 Proceedings of the 11th IEEE Real Time on Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium
Optimal voltage allocation techniques for dynamically variable voltage processors
ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems (TECS)
Energy-aware mapping for tile-based NoC architectures under performance constraints
ASP-DAC '03 Proceedings of the 2003 Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference
Multiprocessor synthesis for periodic hard real-time tasks under a given energy constraint
Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe: Proceedings
Fault-Tolerant Partitioning Scheduling Algorithms in Real-Time Multiprocessor Systems
PRDC '06 Proceedings of the 12th Pacific Rim International Symposium on Dependable Computing
Energy-aware scheduling for real-time multiprocessor systems with uncertain task execution time
Proceedings of the 44th annual Design Automation Conference
Solving a real-time allocation problem with constraint programming
Journal of Systems and Software
Proceedings of the 41st annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture
Planning and Scheduling by Logic-Based Benders Decomposition
Operations Research
Allocation, scheduling and voltage scaling on energy aware MPSoCs
CPAIOR'06 Proceedings of the Third international conference on Integration of AI and OR Techniques in Constraint Programming for Combinatorial Optimization Problems
Power optimization of variable-voltage core-based systems
IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems
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Distributed real-time and embedded (DRE) systems can be composed of hundreds of software components running across tens or hundreds of networked processors that are physically separated from one another. A key concern in DRE systems is determining the spatial deployment topology, which is how the software components map to the underlying hardware components. Optimizations, such as placing software components with high-frequency communications on processors that are closer together, can yield a number of important benefits, such as reduced power consumption due to decreased wireless transmission power required to communicate between the processing nodes. Determining a spatial deployment plan across a series of processors that will minimize power consumption is hard since the spatial deployment plan must respect a combination of real-time scheduling, fault-tolerance, resource, and other complex constraints. This article presents a hybrid heuristic/evolutionary algorithm, called ScatterD, for automatically generating spatial deployment plans that minimize power consumption. This work provides the following contributions to the study of spatial deployment optimization for power consumption minimization: (1) it combines heuristic bin-packing with an evolutionary algorithm to produce a hybrid algorithm with excellent deployment derivation capabilities and scalability, (2) it shows how a unique representation of the spatial deployment solution space integrates the heuristic and evolutionary algorithms, and (3) it analyzes the results of experiments performed with data derived from a large-scale avionics system that compares ScatterD with other automated deployment techniques. These results show that ScatterD reduces power consumption by between 6% and 240% more than standard bin-packing, genetic, and particle swarm optimization algorithms.