Human interface design and the handicapped user
CHI '86 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Making computers easier for older adults to use: area cursors and sticky icons
Proceedings of the ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human factors in computing systems
Issues and techniques in touch-sensitive tablet input
SIGGRAPH '85 Proceedings of the 12th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Individual audio channels with single display groupware: effects on communication and task strategy
CSCW '04 Proceedings of the 2004 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work
The bubble cursor: enhancing target acquisition by dynamic resizing of the cursor's activation area
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Exploring non-speech auditory feedback at an interactive multi-user tabletop
GI '05 Proceedings of Graphics Interface 2005
Feeling what you hear: tactile feedback for navigation of audio graphs
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Adaptive blind interaction technique for touchscreens
Universal Access in the Information Society
PLUMB:: an interface for users who are blind to display, create, and modify graphs
Proceedings of the 8th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility
Navigation System for the Blind: Auditory Display Modes and Guidance
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Speech-filtered bubble ray: improving target acquisition on display walls
Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Multimodal interfaces
Multimodal collaborative handwriting training for visually-impaired people
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Sonic Grid: an auditory interface for the visually impaired to navigate GUI-based environments
Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces
Starburst: a target expansion algorithm for non-uniform target distributions
AVI '08 Proceedings of the working conference on Advanced visual interfaces
Proceedings of the 10th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility
SLAP widgets: bridging the gap between virtual and physical controls on tabletops
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
User-defined gestures for surface computing
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
On the audio representation of distance for blind users
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Ripples: utilizing per-contact visualizations to improve user interaction with touch displays
Proceedings of the 22nd annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Proceedings of the 11th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility
Timbremap: enabling the visually-impaired to use maps on touch-enabled devices
Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Human computer interaction with mobile devices and services
TeslaTouch: electrovibration for touch surfaces
UIST '10 Proceedings of the 23nd annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
The aligned rank transform for nonparametric factorial analyses using only anova procedures
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Usable gestures for blind people: understanding preference and performance
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
No-look notes: accessible eyes-free multi-touch text entry
Pervasive'10 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Pervasive Computing
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Audible rendering of text documents controlled by multi-touch interaction
Proceedings of the 14th ACM international conference on Multimodal interaction
Touch the map!: designing interactive maps for visually impaired people
ACM SIGACCESS Accessibility and Computing
Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Tangible, Embedded and Embodied Interaction
SIG: NVI (non-visual interaction)
CHI '13 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Access lens: a gesture-based screen reader for real-world documents
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Multimodal eyes-free exploration of maps: TIKISI for maps
ACM SIGACCESS Accessibility and Computing
Touchplates: low-cost tactile overlays for visually impaired touch screen users
Proceedings of the 15th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility
Uncovering information needs for independent spatial learning for users who are visually impaired
Proceedings of the 15th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility
Follow that sound: using sonification and corrective verbal feedback to teach touchscreen gestures
Proceedings of the 15th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility
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Many touch screens remain inaccessible to blind users, and those approaches to providing access that do exist offer minimal support for interacting with large touch screens or spatial data. In this paper, we introduce a set of three software-based access overlays intended to improve the accessibility of large touch screen interfaces, specifically interactive tabletops. Our access overlays are called edge projection, neighborhood browsing, and touch-and-speak. In a user study, 14 blind users compared access overlays to an implementation of Apple's VoiceOver screen reader. Our results show that two of our techniques were faster than VoiceOver, that participants correctly answered more questions about the screen's layout using our techniques, and that participants overwhelmingly preferred our techniques. We developed several applications demonstrating the use of access overlays, including an accessible map kiosk and an accessible board game.