IBM experiments in soft fails in computer electronics (1978–1994)
IBM Journal of Research and Development - Special issue: terrestrial cosmic rays and soft errors
Modeling the Effect of Technology Trends on the Soft Error Rate of Combinational Logic
DSN '02 Proceedings of the 2002 International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks
Techniques for Transient Fault Sensitivity Analysis and Reduction in VLSI Circuits
DFT '03 Proceedings of the 18th IEEE International Symposium on Defect and Fault Tolerance in VLSI Systems
Designing logic circuits for probabilistic computation in the presence of noise
Proceedings of the 42nd annual Design Automation Conference
A Two's Complement Parallel Array Multiplication Algorithm
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Proceedings of the 47th Design Automation Conference
An Architecture for Fault-Tolerant Computation with Stochastic Logic
IEEE Transactions on Computers
A noise-immune sub-threshold circuit design based on selective use of Schmitt-trigger logic
Proceedings of the great lakes symposium on VLSI
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This paper presents a new redundant logic design concept named Turtle Logic (TL). It is a new probabilistic logic method based on port redundancy and complementary data, oriented toward emerging technologies beyond CMOS, where the thermal noise could be predominant and the reliability of the future circuits could be limited. The TL is a technology independent method, which aims to improve error tolerance when these errors are caused by noise within logic and functional units, sequential elements, and in general synchronous pipeline Finite State Machines. Turtle Logic operation is based on the consistency relation of redundant inputs. In the case of discrepancy, the output of the system keeps the previous value, therefore avoiding the propagation of incorrect inputs. A two's complement 8x8-bit pipelined Baugh-Wooley multiplier is implemented, on which several experiments reveal a perfect tolerance (0% errors) to single line discrepancies for both primary and internal nodes, with a cost of lost clock periods between 6% and 25%. The error ratio for the proposed Turtle Logic implementation with double discrepancies in both true and complementary lines are lower than 0.1% when the noise affects primary input nodes, and lower than 0.9% when the noise affects internal nodes.