Critical power slope: understanding the runtime effects of frequency scaling
ICS '02 Proceedings of the 16th international conference on Supercomputing
The benefits of event: driven energy accounting in power-sensitive systems
EW 9 Proceedings of the 9th workshop on ACM SIGOPS European workshop: beyond the PC: new challenges for the operating system
Massive arrays of idle disks for storage archives
Proceedings of the 2002 ACM/IEEE conference on Supercomputing
Energy conservation techniques for disk array-based servers
Proceedings of the 18th annual international conference on Supercomputing
Hibernator: helping disk arrays sleep through the winter
Proceedings of the twentieth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
Policies for dynamic clock scheduling
OSDI'00 Proceedings of the 4th conference on Symposium on Operating System Design & Implementation - Volume 4
PARAID: a gear-shifting power-aware RAID
FAST '07 Proceedings of the 5th USENIX conference on File and Storage Technologies
Pergamum: replacing tape with energy efficient, reliable, disk-based archival storage
FAST'08 Proceedings of the 6th USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies
Write off-loading: practical power management for enterprise storage
FAST'08 Proceedings of the 6th USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies
Avoiding the disk bottleneck in the data domain deduplication file system
FAST'08 Proceedings of the 6th USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies
Energy and performance evaluation of lossless file data compression on server systems
SYSTOR '09 Proceedings of SYSTOR 2009: The Israeli Experimental Systems Conference
FAWN: a fast array of wimpy nodes
Proceedings of the ACM SIGOPS 22nd symposium on Operating systems principles
Energy proportionality for storage: impact and feasibility
ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review
Robust and flexible power-proportional storage
Proceedings of the 1st ACM symposium on Cloud computing
Evaluating performance and energy in file system server workloads
FAST'10 Proceedings of the 8th USENIX conference on File and storage technologies
SRCMap: energy proportional storage using dynamic consolidation
FAST'10 Proceedings of the 8th USENIX conference on File and storage technologies
An analysis of power consumption in a smartphone
USENIXATC'10 Proceedings of the 2010 USENIX conference on USENIX annual technical conference
Slow down or sleep, that is the question
USENIXATC'11 Proceedings of the 2011 USENIX conference on USENIX annual technical conference
Power consumption breakdown on a modern laptop
PACS'04 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Power-Aware Computer Systems
Characteristics of backup workloads in production systems
FAST'12 Proceedings of the 10th USENIX conference on File and Storage Technologies
Block locality caching for data deduplication
Proceedings of the 6th International Systems and Storage Conference
Autonomic performance-per-watt management (APM) of cloud resources and services
Proceedings of the 2013 ACM Cloud and Autonomic Computing Conference
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Power consumption has become an important factor in modern storage system design. Power efficiency is particularly beneficial in disk-based backup systems that store mostly cold data, have significant idle periods, and must compete with the operational costs of tape-based backup. There are no prior published studies on power consumption in these systems, leaving researchers and practitioners to rely on existing assumptions. In this paper we present the first analysis of power consumption in real-world, enterprise, disk-based backup storage systems. We uncovered several important observations, including some that challenge conventional wisdom. We discuss their impact on future power-efficient designs.